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Introduction to Engineering Graphics: Traditional Tools and Standards

Learn the importance of technical graphics, traditional engineering design processes, and tools used in technical drawing. Explore standards, ANSI sheet sizes, line weight, and pencil grades. Understand the principles of technical drawing and the transition from linear to concurrent design processes. Discover the role of CAD databases as communication mediums and sample drawing conventions. Familiarize yourself with manual drafting tools, standards organizations, and important ANSI standards. Enhance your drafting skills with a focus on accuracy, neatness, and speed.

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Introduction to Engineering Graphics: Traditional Tools and Standards

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  1. UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO AT HUMACO DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS ENGINEERING GRAPHICS I Traditional tools Dr. Walter López Moreno

  2. Introduction to Engineering Graphics • Importance of technical graphics • Traditional engineering design & Changes in the engineering design process • Technical drawing tools • Standards • ANSI standard sheet sizes • Basics: Line weight & pencil grades • Alphabet of lines

  3. Importance of technical graphics " the engineer, scientist, or technician who is ignorant of or deficient in the principal mode of expression (that is, the universal graphic language) in his or her technical field is professionally illiterate." - Page 8. Principles of Technical Drawing

  4. Importance of technical graphics • Technical drawings: A language used in the design process for communicating, solving problems, quickly and accurately visualizing objects, and conducting analysis • A graphical representation of objects and structures and is done using freehand, mechanical, or computer methods Users of engineering and technical graphics in industry

  5. From traditional “linear” design process to new“concurrent” design process • Traditional: A linear, segmented activity involving problem identification, preliminary ideas, design refinements, analysis, optimization, and documentation • Concurrent: A team activity involving coordination of the technical and non-technical functions of design and manufacturing within a business The CAD database becomes a communication medium.

  6. Samples of drawing conventions and standards

  7. Architectural Drawing Lewis Park (Second Floor) downstairs of 2, 3 and 4 bedroom

  8. Manual drafting tools for technical drawing

  9. Use of drafting tools – a few examples

  10. Standards Organizations involved in developing the standards for technical drawings: ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ASEE (American Society for Engineering Education) SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) ISO (International Standards Organization) American National Standard Drafting Manual

  11. Some Important ANSI standards ANSI Y14.1 (1980) Drawing Sheet Size and Format. ANSI Y14.2M (1979) Line Conventions and Lettering. ANSI Y14.3 (1975) Multiview and Sectional View Drawings ANSI Y14.5M (1982-1994) Dimensioning and Tolerancing. ANSI Y14.6 (1978) Screw Thread Representation ANSI Y14.6aM (1981) Screw Thread Representation (Metric Supplement) ANSI Y14.7.1 & Y14.7.2 (1978) Gear Drawing Standards

  12. ANSI Standard Sheet Sizes & typical title block layouts

  13. Pencil grades and Line weight Remember that Accuracy, Neatness, and Speed count in technical drawing

  14. Alphabet of lines (1)

  15. Alphabet of lines (2)

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