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Modeling Tools for Predicting the Impact of Rolling Resistance on Energy Usage and Fuel Efficiency for Realistic Driving

Modeling Tools for Predicting the Impact of Rolling Resistance on Energy Usage and Fuel Efficiency for Realistic Driving Cycles. Kenneth J. Kelly Senior Engineer, Vehicle Systems Analysis Team National Renewable Energy Laboratory. CEC Workshop on Fuel Efficient Tires - 2002 Sacramento, CA

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Modeling Tools for Predicting the Impact of Rolling Resistance on Energy Usage and Fuel Efficiency for Realistic Driving

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  1. Modeling Tools for Predicting the Impact of Rolling Resistance on Energy Usage and Fuel Efficiency for Realistic Driving Cycles Kenneth J. Kelly Senior Engineer, Vehicle Systems Analysis Team National Renewable Energy Laboratory CEC Workshop on Fuel Efficient Tires - 2002 Sacramento, CA September 19, 2002

  2. NREL Background • NREL Mission • Lead the nation toward a sustainable energy future by developing renewable energy technologies, improving energy efficiency, advancing related science and engineering, and facilitating commercialization • Established in 1977 as Solar Energy Research Institute (Achieved National Laboratory status in 1992) • One of eleven DOE National Laboratories • Current staff of approximately 1,000 • Estimated operating budget of $200M

  3. US Big 3 Partnership HV program: 55 mpg PNGV: 80 mpg goal FreedomCAR Advanced Vehicle Technologies Program Digital Functional Vehicle Vehicle Systems Analysis Battery Thermal Management Vehicle Climate Control Ford GM DaimlerChrysler

  4. NREL’s Interest in Tires • Potential for Large Energy Savings • Potential to Reduce Environmental Impacts • Impact on the Existing Fleet of Vehicles • Cross-Platform Application • Large and Important U.S. Industry • No Massive Infrastructure Changes Required • Potentially Low Incremental Cost • No Drastic Change in Consumer Behavior Required

  5. 6.7 mbpd 2.7 mbpd Highway Energy Consumption GAP

  6. Equivalent to replacing average car with: 15.7 MILLION Toyota Priuses Potential Energy Savings in the Transportation Sector Total year 2005 savings 3.8 billion gal /year

  7. Introducing:NREL’s Advanced Vehicle Simulator

  8. Available on the world wide web at: (http://www.ctts.nrel.gov/analysis) Introducing:NREL’s Advanced Vehicle Simulator

  9. Three Main ADVISOR GUI Screens Vehicle Input Simulation Setup Results

  10. Basic Structure (database) How the Data/Models are Pulled into the GUI Block Diagram GUI Data Files

  11. Block Diagram Battery Control Engine Libraries Basic Structure (models) In the Matlab/Simulink Environment

  12. ADVISOR Setup Screen with Tire Menu

  13. New rolling resistance model in ADVISOR 2002 with J2452 test data supplied by Michelin

  14. ADVISOR Rolling Resistance Block Diagram

  15. Tire Sizes Currently in ADVISOR Database

  16. ADVISOR Simulation Setup Screen with Drive Cycles

  17. ADVISOR Results Screen

  18. ADVISOR Results : Energy Use Figure

  19. ADVISOR Simulation Results : Fr on the EPA’s Highway (HWFET) Cycle

  20. ADVISOR Simulation Results : Fr on the EPA’s Urban (UDDS) Cycle

  21. ADVISOR Simulation Results : Fr on the EPA’s Aggressive Driving (US06)Cycle

  22. ADVISOR Simulation Results : Road-Load Energy and Fuel Economy % change in FE FTP 2.1% HWFET 5.9% US06 3.3% Low RR vs med RR (30% lower Fr)

  23. ADVISOR Simulation Results : Road-Load Energy and Fuel Economy Low RR vs med RR (19% lower Fr) % change in FE FTP 1.5% HWFET 3.4% US06 1.9%

  24. Objective Function f(x) ADVISOR Constraint Function Optimization Tools g(x) ADVISOR is linked to optimization techniques and other tools in our Digital Functional Vehicle toolkit Parametric Sweep on rolling resistance showing the effect on fuel economy

  25. Bringing it all together withDigital Functional Vehicle an integrated systems approach

  26. NREL’s Energy-Smart Tire Vision Low Rolling Resistance • Large Energy Savings Adaptive Properties and Self Regulating • Energy Savings • Improved • Performance • Improved Safety • Reduced Solid Waste • Reduced Particulate Pollution • Energy Savings from Manufacturing and Materials Long Life

  27. Conclusions and Additional Information • Potentially, Large Energy Savings Available from Energy Efficient Tires • Government/Industry Partnership for More Detailed Analysis, Testing and Direction • Tires Represent One of Only a Few Opportunities for Energy Savings in the Existing Fleet • ADVISOR Model • Fast and Accurate Vehicle Systems Model • Free (http://www.ctts.nrel.gov/analysis) • Open Source Code • Vehicle, Component, Drive Cycle Library Included • Conventional and Advanced Vehicle Configurations

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