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35 mm Photography Chapter 1—The Camera. Parts of the camera. Types of shutters. Shutter controls exposure of the film to light by opening and closing at various speeds. Focal-plane shutter is built into the camera body at the point directly in front of the film. Types of shutters.
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Types of shutters • Shutter controls exposure of the film to light by opening and closing at various speeds. • Focal-plane shutter is built into the camera body at the point directly in front of the film.
Types of shutters • Leaf shutters are located within the lens and consists of several small, overlapping spring-powered metal blades.
Aperture • Aperture also controls the exposure of the film to light. • The aperture fixes the size of the lens opening. • Larger aperture sizes allow more light through the lens. • Smaller aperture sizes allow less light in. • Measured in f-stops.
Lens • A lens is a single element, a solid piece of curved glass. • The lens sorts out various light rays, focuses them, and directs them to reproduce the subject accurately on film.
Types of film • Three formats of film: • 35 mm film • Medium-format roll film • Sheets of film ( 4x5 inches and larger) Primary difference between film formats is the size of the negative.
35 mm film • Strips of film are 35 mm wide and 2-3 feet long • Packaged inside a cassette, which is held inside the camera. • A pressure plate holds the film flat against the back of the camera.
Types of cameras • Viewfinder/Rangefinder Cameras • View through eyepiece with simple lens • Parallax error: viewfinder isn’t in same position as camera lens, so view is slightly different
Types of cameras • Twin-Lens Reflex Cameras • One lens to film, the other mirrored to eye • Image focused on ground glass
Types of cameras • View Cameras • Direct viewing: ground glass is exactly where the film will be • Large-format • Usually uses sheet film
Types of cameras • Single-Lens Reflex Cameras • View the actual image that will fall on the film • Image focusedon ground glass