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RISE and FALL of COOPERATION

RISE and FALL of COOPERATION. Jun Kobayashi (Seikei U) Yuhsuke Koyama (Tokyo I of Tech) Hideki Fujiyama (Dokkyo U) Hirokuni Oura (Teikyo U) August 15, 2005 ASA, Philadelphia. OVERVIEW. Mutual Effects of Group Cooperation Rate & Group Size? (traditional)

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RISE and FALL of COOPERATION

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  1. RISE and FALL ofCOOPERATION Jun Kobayashi (Seikei U) Yuhsuke Koyama (Tokyo I of Tech) Hideki Fujiyama (Dokkyo U) Hirokuni Oura (Teikyo U) August 15, 2005 ASA, Philadelphia

  2. OVERVIEW • Mutual Effects of Group Cooperation Rate & Group Size? (traditional) • Social Dilemma Experiment w/ Intergroup Mobility (Not traditional)

  3. QUESTION • Olson... Size↑→Cooperation↓ • Free-rider Problem, Social Dilemma • Counter Effect? • Modern Societies… Exit Option • Moving, Job change, Divorce • Effect of Group Cooperation Rate on Group Size???

  4. ON the RUN (Erhart + Keser) • Experiment, Intergroup Mobility • 9 players in 3 group, 10 Sessions • Cooperators RUN AWAY • Cycle: Size↑→Cooperation↓→S↓→C↑ • Various Conditions???

  5. Introduction Data Result

  6. EXPERIMENT • 2003/4, 4 universities in Japan • 10 Sessions, 170 Students • ¥1289.0 ($11), 90 minutes • Computer-based, Group data • “LOW” “MIDDLE” “HIGH” Mobility • 17 in 4 Groups, Anonymous • 10 Rounds, 9 Exit chances

  7. ROUND (10 times) A B C D Free-rider Problem Exit Chance

  8. 1. FREE-RIDER PROBLEM • Resource ¥20 • PROVIDE or NOT • Pooled Resources... • DOUBLED...3/more-player groups • x 1.5... 2-player Groups • SAME... 1-player Groups • EQUALLY Distributed in Group

  9. EXAMPLE (4 Players) • Provide = 40m/4 = 10m (Providers) • Not = 40(m-1)/4 + 20 = 10m + 10 x 2 = Provide Not Not Not

  10. 2. EXIT CHANCE • LOW Mobility... ¥50 to Exit • MIDDLE Mobility... ¥20 • HIGH Mobility... ¥0

  11. Group C Round 2 Stage 2 Your Decisions and Payoffs in This Round Groups’ Average Payoffs Last Stage Groups’ Average Payoffs in This Round Your Total: 125 yens (20 yens subtracted for Moving) Group C's Members: You (ID 6) and Other 7 Groups’ Size What do you do next stage? PROVIDE 20 yens NOT

  12. Provided 20 yens: 3 persons Not: 4 persons Your Decision: Provide Your Payoff: 17.14 yens

  13. ROUND END Groups’ Average Payoffs Groups’ Average Payoffs and Size last Round Your payoff Last Round: 112 yens in Group C Which Group in Next Round? Move with 50 yens Group A B C D

  14. HYPOTHESES • H1. Size↑→Cooperation↓ • H2. Cooperation↓→Size↓ • H3. Mobility↑→Cycle Accelerated H2 Cooperation Rate H1 H1 H2 Size

  15. REGRESSION ANALYSES • Unit… Group (N=360) • H1. Size↑Cooperation↓ Round Number, Previous Cooperation • H2. Previous Coop.↓Size↓ Round Number, Previous Size

  16. Introduction Data Result

  17. DESCRIPTIVE STAT.

  18. H1. SIZE on COOPERATION

  19. y = COOPERATION RATE ＊p<.05, ＊＊.01, ＊＊＊.001

  20. H2. COOPERATION on SIZE Size PreviousCooperation Rate

  21. y = SIZE ＊p<.05, ＊＊.01, ＊＊＊.001

  22. H3. MOBILITY on CYCLE

  23. Interaction Effects… Not Significant

  24. EXAMPLES of CYCLE (LOW) Group A B C D

  25. MIDDLE MOBILITY

  26. HIGH MOBILITY

  27. SUMMARY • Large Groups DECREASE Cooperation, then SHRINK • Then INCREASE Cooperation, then EXPAND • MOBILITY ACCELERATES Cycle

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