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THE SCIENCE OF ENERGY

Discover the fundamentals of energy, its forms, transformations, and efficiency. Learn how energy powers our world and how to calculate different energies. Explore examples of energy sources and their impact on our daily lives.

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THE SCIENCE OF ENERGY

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  1. THE SCIENCE OF ENERGY \

  2. 1. What is Energy? The ability to make things move or do work Can you make things move? Then you have energy!

  3. The energy we use is stored in different forms. We do not use it up, it is just changed or transformed into other forms of energy. 2. The Law of Conservation of Energy-”energy is neither created or destroyed”

  4. 3. Energy Efficiency The amount of useful energy obtained from a system

  5. Energy Transformation Demo Copy this Chart in your journal

  6. Demo Energy Flow • Thermal energy from body in motion • Body got energy from chemical energy stored in food • Chemical energy in food came from transforming radiant energy from the Sun through photosynthesis • Radiant energy was created by nuclear energy of fission Ultimately all energy comes from nuclear energy

  7. *5 Main Things Energy can help us do……. • make things move • make heat • make light • make technology work (run electrical devices) • make things grow Can you think of an example of each?

  8. **2 Major forms of energy • Potential-stored energy; energy of position; energy at rest • Depends on height and weight • Can be calculated with the formula: PE= W x H

  9. 1a. Chemical Energy… (potential energy) • is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. • Examples: Biomass, petroleum, natural gas, propane, and coal • Can be released by chemical reactions like burning wood

  10. 1b. Nuclear Energy (potential energy) • Holds protons and neutrons together in an atom’s nucleus • Powers the sun and nuclear power plants • The energy in the nucleus of a uranium atom is an example.

  11. 1c. STORED MECHANICAL ENERGY (potential energy) • is energy stored in objects by the • application of force. • Examples: Compressed • springs and stretched rubber bands

  12. 1d. Gravitational Energy (potential energy) • is the energy of place or position. • Water in a reservoir behind a hydropower dam is an example.

  13. Kinetic-energy of motion (waves, atoms, molecules, substances)*can be affected by mass and speed* can be calculated: KE=1/2mv2

  14. 2a. Electrical Energy (kinetic) • The movement of electrons through matter • Electricity and lightning is a form of electrical energy

  15. 2b. Thermal/Heat Energy (kinetic) • The random motion, or vibration, of atoms in matter • Internal energy of substances • The faster the atoms vibrate the more heatenergy they have • Example: geothermal

  16. 2c. Radiant/Light Energy • The energy carried by light in the form of electromagnetic (transverse-side to side) waves • All lights and the rays of the Sun (Solar) are examples

  17. 2e. Mechanical/Motion Energy (kinetic) • The energy of moving things • When you ride a bike you use mechanical energy • Wind and hydropower are some other examples

  18. 2f. Sound Energy • Vibrates air molecules • The air molecules move tiny bones in your ear • The message of sound then moves to your brain • Can also vibrate objects in longitudinal waves

  19. Energy can be changed from one form to another • Chemical energy in gasoline is changed to heat energy and then to mechanical energy in a car

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