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Integrated RF Receivers

Integrated RF Receivers. Design Issues. Presented by: Sameh Assem Ibrahim. Outline. RF Receiver Architectures The Proposed Architecture Image Rejection Sensitivity to Process Variations References. RF Receiver Architectures. Super-Heterodyne Receiver. RF Receiver Architectures.

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Integrated RF Receivers

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  1. Integrated RF Receivers Design Issues Presented by: Sameh Assem Ibrahim

  2. Outline • RF Receiver Architectures • The Proposed Architecture • Image Rejection • Sensitivity to Process Variations • References

  3. RF Receiver Architectures

  4. Super-Heterodyne Receiver RF Receiver Architectures Block Diagram

  5. Super-Heterodyne Receiver • High selectivity •  High sensitivity • Most widely used in discrete implementations • Difficult to integrate • Very high Q filters are required RF Receiver Architectures Advantages and Disadvantages

  6. Homodyne Receiver RF Receiver Architectures Block Diagram

  7. Homodyne Receiver • High integratability • No need for high image rejection ratios • DC offsets • Back radiation • High flicker noise • Need for high I-Q matching accuracy RF Receiver Architectures Advantages and Disadvantages

  8. Low-IF Receiver RF Receiver Architectures Block Diagram

  9. Low-IF Receiver •  High integratability • No DC offset problems • No flicker noise • The best candidate for modern integrated receivers • Need for high I-Q matching accuracy RF Receiver Architectures Advantages and Disadvantages

  10. Image Rejection

  11. I PP PPF PPF flo1+flo2 frf fimage LNA fif fif flo1+flo2 frf fimage Q fif fif Notch Filter PP PP Image-reject PLL LO Divider The Choice of IF frf fif=frf-(flo1+flo2) fimage=2(flo1+flo2)-frf flo1 flo2 Image Rejection Precaution 1

  12. -frf -fim fim frf fLO -fLO f f The Use of Polyphase Filters Real Signals: -fif fif f Image Rejection Precaution 2

  13. -frf -fim fim frf f The Use of Polyphase Filters Complex Signals: -fLO f -fif fif f Image Rejection Precaution 2

  14. The Use of Polyphase Filters -fif fif -fif fif f f • Passive Polyphase Filter • Bandstop filter • Preferred at high frequencies • Active Polyphase Filter • Bandpass filter • Preferred at low frequencies • Can be used for channel selection Image Rejection Precaution 2

  15. I PP PPF PPF LNA Q Notch Filter PP PP Image-reject PLL LO Divider The Use of Polyphase Filters Passive Active Image Rejection Precaution 2

  16. LNA with a Notch Filter [6] Image Rejection Precaution 3

  17. Sensitivity to Process Variations

  18. The Use of Polyphase Filters Sensitivity analysis for passive polyphase filters [9] Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 1

  19. The Use of Polyphase Filters Sensitivity analysis for active polyphase filters Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 1

  20. I PP PPF PPF LNA Q Notch Filter PP PP Image-reject PLL LO Divider The Use of Polyphase Quadrature Generators Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 2

  21. The Use of Polyphase Quadrature Generators Sensitivity analysis for polyphase quadrature generators [9] Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 2

  22. I PP PPF PPF LNA Q Notch Filter PP PP Image-reject PLL LO Divider The Use of Double Quadrature Down Conversion (DQDC) [7] Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 3

  23. The Use of Double Quadrature Down Conversion (DQDC) [7] • SQDC • More affected by quadrature inaccuracy • DQDC • Less affected by quadrature inaccuracy Example: to reach 60 dB IRR 3% quadrature accuracy is enough for DQDC whereas 0.1 % is required for SQDC Sensitivity to Process Variations Precaution 3

  24. References • 1. A. A. Abidi, "Direct conversion radio transceivers for digital communications," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 30, pp. 1399-1410, Dec. 1995. • 2. J. Crols and M. Steyaert, "A single-chip 900-MHz CMOS receiver front-end with a high-performance low-IF topology," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, pp. 1935-1950, Dec. 1997. • 3. S. Jantzi and Adel S. Sedra, " Quadrature bandpass ΔΣ modulation for digital radio," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 30, pp. 1483-1492, Dec. 1995. • 4. J. Rudell and P. Gray, "A 1.9-GHz wide-band IF double conversion CMOS receiver for cordless telephone applications," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, pp. 2071-2088, Dec. 1997. • 5. S. Tadjpour and A. Abidi, "A 900 MHz dual conversion low-IF GSM receiver in 0.35 µm CMOS," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, pp. 1992-2002, Dec. 2001. • 6. H. Rategh and T. Lee, " 5-GHz CMOS wireless LANs," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 50, pp. 268-280, Jan. 2002. • 7. F. Behbahani and A. Abidi, "CMOS mixers and polyphase filters for large image rejection," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, pp. 873-887, June 2001. • 8. J. Crols and M. Steyaert, “ CMOS wireless transceiver design”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997 • 9. S. Galal, “A new front-end architecture for RF single chip communication transcievers”, a thesis for masters degree, 1999

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