Pertemuan 24 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1. Pertemuan 24Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Matakuliah : M0084/Sistem Informasi dalam Manajemen Tahun : 2005 Versi : 1/1

2. Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : • Mahasiswa dapat Menguraikan pentingnya menjaga pengetahuan yang dimiliki perusahaan (C2) • Mahasiswa dapat Menghubungkan beberapa metode baik secara kultur maupun sistem dalam menata pengetahuan perusahaan (C4)

3. Outline Materi • Knowledge Management in the organization • Information and knowledge work system

4. SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL • The development of information systems requires certain knowledge and skills • It is possible to identify not only the types of knowledge and skill needed by information specialists and users, but also how users can be divided into general management and their staff • Table 4.1 identifies the types of knowledge needed and whether they are of major, intermediate, or minor importance • In the same way, we can identify different types of skills and their relative importance (Table 4.2)

7. Knowledge Management • This knowledge relates to the firm's processes, technology, management, and interactions with its environmental elements • Firms are embarking on projects to develop knowledge management systems for the purpose of achieving a competitive advantage • Firms typically regard KM as another type of system to be developed as an IS that gathers knowledge, stores it and makes it available to users • Table 4.3 lists the challenges that must be faced by firms in developing KM systems

9. A Successful KM Development Project at Nortel Networks • Nortel Networks (using knowledge management software from Excalibur Technologies) credits its pilot KM project with enabling its transformation from a technology-focused company to one that is opportunity/customer-focused • The old new product development system illustrated in Figure 4.10 consisted of a five-phase process • The new project involved an NPD system that enabled Nortel to: • leverage multidisciplinary NPD knowledge assets; • improve NPD decision making; and • facilitate learning and knowledge exchange

12. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management • Organizational learning • Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes • Knowledge management • Set of processes • Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledge

13. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management • Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO) • Senior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management program

14. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management • Tacit Knowledge • Expertise and experience not formally documented • Best Practices • Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific organization or industry

15. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management • Organizational Memory • Stored learning from organization’s history • Used for decision making and other purposes

16. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-1 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION IT Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

17. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Information Work • Consists of creating or processing information • Divided into knowledge workers and data workers

18. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems • Office systems • Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workers • Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organization • Connect organization to external world • Example: Word processing, voice mail, and imaging

19. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-2 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS The Three Major Roles of Offices

20. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Typical Office Systems Document imaging systems • Convert documents and images into digital form • Can be stored and accessed by the computer Jukebox • Device for storing and retrieving many optical disks

21. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-3 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Components of an Imaging System

22. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-4 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Web Publishing and Document Management

23. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) • Information system • Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledge

24. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Changes in the Construction Project Management Process Figure 10-5

25. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems • Specialized tools • User-friendly interface

26. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-6 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems

27. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Examples of Knowledge Work Systems • Computer-aided design (CAD) • Virtual reality systems • Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) • Investment workstations

28. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS Sharing Knowledge: Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge Environments • Groupware • Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge Environments • Enterprise information portals • Teamware

29. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-7 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS An Enterprise Information Portal

30. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE What is Artificial Intelligence? • Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humans

31. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Why Business is Interested in Artificial Intelligence • Artificial Intelligence: • Stores information in active form • Creates mechanism not subjected to human feelings • Eliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs • Enhances organization’s knowledge base • Generates solution to specific problems

32. Essentials of Management Information Systems Chapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm Figure 10-8 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The Artificial Intelligence Family

33. End of Session 24