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Tissue Types

Tissue Types. Meristematic Tissue (where mitosis occurs). Responsible for growth in plant Produces new cells that will eventually specialize ↑ height = apical ↑ diameter= lateral. Surface Tissue. Outer Layer = cuticle (waxy) Protects Plant and Prevents Water Loss. Waxy Coating on Leaves.

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Tissue Types

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  1. Tissue Types

  2. Meristematic Tissue(where mitosis occurs) • Responsible for growth in plant • Produces new cells that will eventually specialize • ↑ height = apical • ↑ diameter= lateral

  3. Surface Tissue • Outer Layer = cuticle (waxy) • Protects Plant and Prevents Water Loss Waxy Coating on Leaves

  4. Parenchyma Tissue • Thin-walled Cells • Main functions • Photosynthesis • Storage

  5. Sclerenchyme Tissue • Thick-walled Cells • Provide Shape & Support • Able to Stand Upright

  6. Vascular Tissue • Xylem= transports water  plant • Phloem= transports food & minerals -or-

  7. Types of Meristems • Where growth occurs at the tips of roots & stems • Apical Meristems: -Terminal/End -Upward Growth

  8. 2. Lateral Meristems • Where growth in diameter occurs located outside stems & roots • Vascular cambium • Located between X & P • Produces new vascular tissue • Cork cambium • Located outside P • Replaces outer layer root & stem • Cork= dead cells to provide support & strength

  9. Types of Growth in Plant • Primary Growth: Apical Meristems • Secondary Growth: Lateral Meristems

  10. Importance of Roots • Anchors plant in soil • Absorbs/transports water & minerals • Stores excess food & water **live off during non-PS times**

  11. Types of Roots • Primary Roots • Taproot • Fibrous Root • Aerial Root • Adventitious/Prop Root

  12. Primary Root • 1st root which appears out of a seed

  13. Taproot • Primary root grows thicker and longer with secondary roots growing off of it • Examples:

  14. Fibrous Roots • Primary root branches off into many smaller roots • Example:

  15. Aerial Roots • Roots Exposed to Air • Absorb Moisture • Example: Spanish Moss

  16. Adventitious/ Prop Roots • Specialized roots which grow directly from the stem above ground • Example:

  17. Root Structure

  18. Root Cap • Hard protective layer • Prevents breakage as pushes thru soil • Secretes slimy lubrication

  19. Root Hairs • Increase surface area of root so more water and nutrients can be absorbed • Main water entry point

  20. Epidermis • Waterproof outermost layer • Protection

  21. Cortex • Many layers of parenchyma cells • Store starch for energy • Taproots have much more defined area

  22. Endodermis • Innermost cylinder of cortex-WATERPROOF • Regulates movement of water & minerals into vascular tissue Endodermis

  23. Stele/Vascular Tissue (innermost region of root) • Contains xylem (always closer to center) & phloem • Cross sections: **Monocots : forms a ring, Dicots: forms a cross** Endodermis

  24. Pericycle • Outermost layer of cells of the steele • Goes through cell division creating root hairs Endodermis Pericycle

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