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9. Nation Building and Nationalism

9. Nation Building and Nationalism. Nationalism . Expansion and Migration. 1818 – Boundary set between Canada and US. New States: Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee Adams- Onis Treaty: Spain gives Florida to the US.

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9. Nation Building and Nationalism

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  1. 9. Nation Building and Nationalism Nationalism

  2. Expansion and Migration 1818 – Boundary set between Canada and US. New States: Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain gives Florida to the US. American Fur Trade developed in Oregon Country (John Jacob Astor)

  3. Moving West in Early Years • Legendary figures: Jedediah Smith, Jim Bridger, Kit Carson and Jim Beckwourth (African-American) • In literature: Natty Bumppo from Last of the Mohicans (James Fennimore Cooper)

  4. Western Settlement • Economic pressures • Improved transportation • Immigrants • Settlement moved west.

  5. Native Americans • Continue to be pushed west of the Mississippi River both in the Old Northwest and the South. • Series of treaties and wars

  6. Five Civilized Tribesof the Southeast • Cherokee • Chickasaw • Choctaw • Creek • Seminole • Adopted white cultural traits • Government attempts removal Sequoyah

  7. Population Shift • As Native Americans left, settlers filled the void • Population west of the Appalachians increased greatly. • Land speculators made $$$$$$$$$

  8. Culture of the Frontier • New Englanders moved to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois • Southerners moved to Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi • Culture went with them

  9. U.S. Population Growth • Doubles from 1800 to 1825 • Doubles again from 1825 to 1850

  10. Transportation • Roads • Lancaster Turnpike • National Road (Cumberland Road) • Canals • Erie Canal • Major lakes and rivers joined • Steamboats

  11. Commerce and BankingMarket Economy vs. Subsistance • Farmers now sold produce to intermediaries who then marketed the products • New developments in transportation aided commerce • Local banks were established to manage the credit that was so important to the system.

  12. Early Industrialism • Mechanical inventions • Interchangeable Parts • Cotton Gin • Manufacturing moved from home to factory. • Corporations raise capital

  13. Factory System • First in textiles • Biggest success was the Lowell, Massachusetts • Established a community • Most workers were single white females • Beginning of Labor Unions

  14. President James Monroe • The last of the Virginia Dynasty. Hand picked by James Madison • The Era of Good Feelings • 1817 – 1825

  15. Era of Good Feelings • One party in power: (Jeffersonian) Republicans • Spirit of nationalism, optimism, and good will.

  16. Economic Good Times • Henry Clay, Senator from Kentucky • Wanted to promote economic development • American System • Protective tariffs • National Bank • Internal improvements

  17. Domestic: Let the Good Times Roll • Demand for American cotton, grain and tobacco. • Second National Bank inflates prices • Protective tariff slows the flood of British goods

  18. Monroe’s Major Domestic Crisis • North and the South disagreed over the admission of Missouri to U.S. • Slave state • Would have implications for the admission of other states in Louisiana Purchase

  19. The Missouri Compromise • Maine – Free state • Missouri- Slave state • The rest of the Louisiana Purchase would remain free • Henry Clay proposed

  20. Domestic: John Marshall’s Court • Helps to centralize governmental powers • Encourage economic growth • Protect the individual rights of citizens

  21. Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) Private contract can not be altered by the state.

  22. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) • Federal government can charter banks • State can not tax federal agency • Federal laws are supreme over state laws. • Doctrine of “implied powers”

  23. Gibbons v. Ogden (1821) • Federal government has broad control of interstate commerce.

  24. Foreign Affairs • Barbary coast: Free use of Mediterranean • Canada: Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817). Limits arms in Great Lakes • Treaty of 1818: Lessons tensions with GB and sets boundary between U.S. and Canada • Acquiring Florida from Spain.

  25. Latin American Revolutions • 1810, revolutions began in Latin America. • Britain and US feared that the new European governments would try to restore to the former royal owners. • Until 1822 U.S. remained neutral

  26. Monroe Doctrine is Issued • The American continents are “henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.” • U.S. would not interfere in Europe. • 30 year break in foreign involvement for the US.

  27. Impact of Monroe Doctrine • Angered Europe, but did nothing • Had support of Great Britain • By 1840 it becomes the cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy

  28. Panic of 1819 • Fractured the Era of Good Feelings • Bank of the US had tightened credit • Many state banks closed • Increase in unemployment • Bankruptcies • Imprisonment for debt

  29. The Party’s Over • Economic Depression from 1819 – 1823 • Isolation is over with the Monroe Doctrine • Issue of slavery divides the country (Missouri Compromise) • The Era of Good Feelings collapses.

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