8 th Grade Language Arts & Reading Unit 6- 2011 Mrs. Blalock, Mrs. Bryant, & Mrs. Williams

1. The Diary of Anne Frank 8th Grade Language Arts & Reading Unit 6- 2011 Mrs. Blalock, Mrs. Bryant, & Mrs. Williams Anne Frank

2. ANNE FRANK TIMELINE June 12, 1929 – Anne Frank is born in Germany Year of 1933 – Franks move to Amsterdam, Holland June 1942 – Anne receives a diary for her 13th birthday July 6, 1942 – Franks move into secret annex August 4, 1944 – Franks are discovered by Nazis April 1945 – Anne Frank dies

3. Anne Frank's Life • Born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1929 • Daughter of Otto and Edith Frank, one older sister, Margot. Star of David, Jewish Religious Symbol In May 1942, all Jews aged six and older were required to wear the star on their clothes to set them apart from non-Jews. Anne and Margot posing for a picture

4. Anne’s Family • Otto, Anne’s father, served honorably as an officer in the German Army during WWI. Otto Frank in his German uniform.

5. The Move to Amsterdam • The family moved to The Netherlands to escape the Anti-Jewish laws of Hitler and the Nazi party. From 1933 through 1942, the Franks lived in this bright new apartment complex in Amsterdam.

6. Anne’s Family • The Frank family on the Merwedeplain, May 1941.

7. The Move to Amsterdam • In May, 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands and the Franks were once again forced to live under Nazi rule. • By 1942 mass arrests of Jews were becoming routine.

8. Nazi Rule • Fearful for their lives, the Frank family began to prepare to go into hiding. • On July 5, 1942, Margot received a call-up notice to be deported to a Nazi “work camp”. • Even though the hiding place was not yet ready, the Frank family realized that they had to move right away.

9. The Frank's Go Into Hiding • The Frank family hurriedly packed their belongings and left notes implying that they had left the country. • On the evening of July 6, 1942, they moved to an annex of rooms above Otto Frank's office at 263 Prinsengracht in Amsterdam. The Hiding Place

10. The Helpers • Workers in Otto’s business agreed to help them. These helpers were Kugler and Kleiman, Miep and Jan Gies, Bep Voskuijl, and Bep's father - all considered to be trustworthy. The helpers, from left to right: Mr. Kugler, Miep Gies, Bep Voskuijl, and Mr. Kleiman

11. The Helpers • These friends and employees not only agreed to keep the business operating in their employer's absence; they agreed to risk their lives to help the Frank family survive.

12. The People In the Annex • Mr. Frank also made arrangements for his business partner, Hermann van Pels, along with his wife, Auguste, and their son, Peter, to share the hideaway. They moved into the annex one week after the Frank’s. Bookcase that led to the secret annex

13. The People In the Annex • On November 16, 1942, the seven residents of the annex were joined by its eighth and final resident Fritz Pfeffer.

14. The People In the Annex Otto Frank Edith Frank Margot Frank Anne Frank Hermann Van Pels Auguste Van Pels Peter Van Pels Fritz Pfeffer

15. The Annex: Limited Space • Because of the warehouse personnel and visitors to the company those in hiding have to keep quiet during office hours.

16. The Annex: Limited Space The rooms of the Annex, furnished with tables, chairs, closets, and beds limit the freedom of movement of the eight inhabitants. In the evenings, on Saturday afternoon and on Sunday those in hiding could only use the space in the front part of the house.

17. The Annex: Limited Space

18. In Hiding • For two years the Franks were part of an extended family in the Annex, sharing a confined space and living under constant dread of detection and arrest by the Nazis. Anne decorated her narrow bedroom with photographs and postcards of movie stars.

19. In Hiding • Because of the confined living spaces, it was hard for Anne to express herself. She was able to record her thoughts and feelings in her diary that she named “Kitty”.

20. The Diary • Anne’s diary contained daily descriptions, her thoughts and feelings, observations of others, letters to real and imaginary friends, and other things. Much of Anne’s day was spent at her desk writing in her diary. Anne’s diary was given to her on her 13th birthday.

21. The Raid • At approximately 10 am, August 4, 1944, the Frank family's greatest fear came true. A Nazi policeman and several Dutch collaborators appeared at 263 Prinsengracht, having received an anonymous phone call about Jews hiding there, and charged straight for the bookcase leading to the Secret Annex. • .

22. In Hiding • Karl Joseph Silberbauer, an Austrian Nazi, forced the residents to turn over all valuables. When he found out that Otto Frank had been a lieutenant in the German Army during World War I, he was a little less hostile. The residents were taken from the house, and then to Weteringschans Prison.

23. Arrest & Deportation • On August 8, 1944, after a brief stay in Weteringschans Prison, the residents of the Secret Annex were moved to Westerbork transit camp. They remained there for until September 3, when they were transported to the Auschwitz death camp in Poland. This selection divided the transported Jews into two groups: those who would work--and those who would die (the group on the right).

24. The Concentration Camps • In October 1944, Anne and Margot were transported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen. Thousands died from planned starvation and epidemics at Bergen-Belsen, which was without food, heat, medicine, or sanitary conditions. Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp

25. Death • Margot and Anne both contract typhus and die within a short time of each other in March 1945, only a few weeks before the liberation. Anne & Margot

26. Death • Only Anne’s father, Otto, survived the war, returning to Amsterdam after enduring the deadly conditions at the Auschwitz concentration camp . Her mother, Edith, died at the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp on January 6, 1945. The van Pels and Pheffer also died in the concentration camps. Edith Frank OttoFrank

27. Discovery of the Diary • When the Franks were discovered and arrested on the morning of August 4, 1944, Anne’s diary remained scattered among the possessions left behind in their ransacked rooms. The Diary

28. Discovery of the Diary • Miep Gies found the diary before the Franks’ things were confiscated by Nazi authorities. She kept it, unread in her desk drawer, then gave it to Otto Frank after the war.

29. Anne's Legacy Otto Frank decided to publish his daughter's work. He compiled one book made up of the original diary and Anne's rewritten version. Anne Frank had already chosen the title "The Secret Annex" herself, and in June 1947 the book is published in the Netherlands.  

30. Anne's Legacy After the initial release of 1500 copies "The Secret Annex" is translated and published in more than 60 languages. The diary of Anne Frank is one of the most widely read books in the world.

31. “I still believe in spite of everything that people are really good at heart.” Anne Frank

32. The End The End