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Management of Soybean Defoliators with Soybean and Anethum graveolens (Suva) Combinations

This research study explores the use of soybean and Anethum graveolens (Suva) combinations for effective management of soybean defoliators. Plant diversification and intercropping techniques are recommended as non-chemical control measures in soybean fields to minimize pest damage and enhance biological pest control.

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Management of Soybean Defoliators with Soybean and Anethum graveolens (Suva) Combinations

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  1. Welcome

  2. Soybean and Anethumgraveolens (Suva) combinations for management of soybean defoliators AmarNath Sharma1, Y. Sridhar 2 and Lokesh Kumar Meena3* 1Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India 2Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India 3Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India

  3. Introduction • Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is one of the most important oilseeds crops in world as well as in India. • The commercial demand for soybean is increasing day by day but economic losses by insect pests are not to be ignored. • Various control measures are recommended to minimize pest damage, among which chemical control measures have been found to be most effective and most widely used. • But it created several problems such as insecticide resistance, pest resurgence, minor pest becoming major pest, pesticide residue, environmental pollution and decreasing natural enemies population in recent years. • Therefore, nonchemical control technologies are now recommended to control pest problems in soybean fields. • Plant diversification is one of the method of nonchemical control of soybean pests. • Because plant diversification of agro-ecosystems can result in increased environmental opportunities for natural enemies and consequently improved biological pest control. Haileet al., 1998; Musser et al., 2011

  4. Factors involved in pest regulation in diversified agro ecosystems include; increased parasitoid/predator populations, available alternative prey/hosts for natural enemies, decreased colonization and reproduction of pests, feeding inhibition or chemical repellency from non-host plants, prevention of movement and emigration and optimum synchrony between pests and natural enemies. • With this theoretical background we formulated a research program on topic entitled “Soybean and Anethum graveolens (Suva) combinations for management of soybean defoliators.

  5. Previous work done • Plant diversity regulated the herbivores populations by favouring the abundance and efficacy of associated natural enemies Landis et al., 2000 • Reduction of monophagous (specialist) pests was greater in perennial systems. • monophagous insects are more susceptible to crop diversity than polyphagous insects. Helenius ,1998 • Biological parameters of herbivores affected by crop diversification were mainly related to the behaviour of the insect in cruciferous crops. • Mechanisms accounting for herbivore responses to plant mixtures reduced colonisation, reduced adult tenure time in the crop, and oviposition interference. • Mixed cropping can offer crop protection benefits without yield reduction. Hooks and Johnson, 2003

  6. In crop/weed systems, found that 56% of pest reductions in weed-diversified cropping systems were caused by natural enemies. Baliddawa (1985) • Enhanced genetic diversity reduced blast incidence by 94% and increased total yields by 89%. By the end of two years, it was concluded that fungicides were no longer required (Wolfe 2000; Zhu et al., 2000).

  7. Methodology • A. Field Design • Completely randomised block design with four Replications • B. Observations • Insect pest incidence • Defoliators (Semiloopers and tobacco caterpillar): Number of larvae per meter crop row at three random points per plot. • Treatment • T1. Sole Soybean • T2. Soybean + Suva (6:1) • T3. Suva + Soybean (1:6) • T4. Soybean + Suva (6:2) • T5. Suva + Soybean (2:6) • T6. Soybean + Suva (12:1) • T7. Suva + Soybean (1:12) • T8. Soybean + Suva (12:2) • T9. Suva + Soybean (2:12)

  8. Results

  9. Table 1: Effect of intercrop on incidence of major defoliators in sole soybean v/s intercrop with Suva

  10. Table 2: Quantity of insecticide required for treating Suva v/s sole soybean on 1ha(Calculated on the basis of experimental area)

  11. Table3: Cost of insecticide required for treating Suva v/s sole soybean

  12. Conclusion • Considering the total area occupied by suva, for effective trapping of defoliators and their management a combination of 12:2 rows (soybean: suva) was found to be most suitable and cost-effective.

  13. Thank you

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