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Organic Chemistry. Organic Chemistry. The Chemistry of carbon compounds. Organic Chemistry. The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. Organic Chemistry. The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at:
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Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds.
Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds.
Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions.
Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions. (3) Some simple properties.
Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions. (3) Some simple properties. (4) Some applications will be discussed.
Naming simple organic compounds Organic compounds are organized in different families, and each family has a root name.
Naming simple organic compounds Organic compounds are organized in different families, and each family has a root name. Compounds derived from the starting members in the family have their name based on the parent compound from which they are derived.
The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications.
The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes
The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes (2) Alkenes
The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes (2) Alkenes (3) Alkynes
Prefix systemused to name inorganic compounds. This is also used for organic compounds to name the number of substituents. The base names for the alkanes with five or more C atoms are derived directly from these names. *Often not employed.
Prefix systemused to name the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain of organic compounds. Note that the ones in blue do not follow from the first four prefixes in the previous table. These entries are sometimes termed the roots for the number of C atoms.
Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial)
Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial) Systematic (This will be our focus, though some of the common names will be mentioned.)
Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial) Systematic (This will be our focus, though some of the common names will be mentioned.) Example: H2O The non-systematic name is water. The systematic name is dihydrogen oxide.
Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4
Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4 O 2 N 3
Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4 O 2 N 3 (Note: there are exceptions)
The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family.
The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family. Many other names are based on the names used for this group of compounds.
The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family. Many other names are based on the names used for this group of compounds. The alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2where n = 1, 2, 3, ….
FormulaName CH4 methane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3nonane
FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3nonane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 decane
Formula Name CH4 methane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane CH3(CH2)7CH3 nonane
Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane CH3(CH2)7CH3 nonane CH3(CH2)8CH3 decane
Alkyl groups Formula Name
Alkyl groups Formula Name CH3 methyl