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Diabetic Exchange System Overview

Diabetic Exchange System Overview. FN255. What is it?. A system that allows one to quickly estimate intake or plan a diet Estimate carbohydrate, fat, protein, or kcals An exchange is a s pecific amount of a food inside a food group category

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Diabetic Exchange System Overview

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  1. Diabetic Exchange System Overview FN255

  2. What is it? • A system that allows one to quickly estimate intake or plan a diet • Estimate carbohydrate, fat, protein, or kcals • An exchange is a specific amount of a food inside a food group category • All exchanges in each group provide the same amounts • Serving size varies

  3. Why use it? • Can be challenging to memorize the exchanges and amounts per exchange • Once you are familiar, you can quickly estimate amounts • Writing recommendations or analyzing intake • Handy when an electronic database or list is not available

  4. How to use it • Exchange groups • Starch • Milk • Whole, Reduced fat, Skim • Fruits • Vegetables • Meats • Very lean, lean, medium fat, high fat • Fats

  5. How to Use it • Determine how many exchanges are provided by a specific food/meal. • Multiply the number of exchanges x kcals, CHO, Pro, and Fat per exchange. • Total amounts for the day.

  6. Exchanges

  7. Starch • One exchange = 1 oz equivalent • 80 kcals, 15 g CHO, 3 g Pro, 1 g Fat • Includes grains and starchy vegetables • Potatoes, corn, sweet peas • X 1: slice of bread, 2.5” biscuit, 2x2” cornbread, small muffin, 4” waffle, sm potato • ½ cup: pasta, hot cereal, corn, potatoes, bran cereal, shredded wheat • ¾ cup: dry cereal • 1/3 cup: cooked rice, beans* and peas

  8. Milk • Skim: 90 kcals, 12 g CHO, 8 g Pro, 0 g fat • 1 cup slim milk, ½ - 1% milk, low-fat buttermilk, 8 oz low or non-fat yogurt • Low-fat: 120 kcals, 12 g CHO, 8 g Pro, 5 g fat • 2 % milk, plain low-fat yogurt • Whole: 150 kcals, 12 g CHO, 8 g PRO, 8 g fat • 1 cup: whole milk, ½ cup: evaporated whole milk, 8 oz: whole milk plain yogurt

  9. Fruit • One exchange = 60 kcals, 15 g CHO, 0 g P, 0 g F • X1: medium apple, orange, pear, peach • X2: plums, tangerines, figs • ½ cup: most cut fresh fruit, fruit juice • ¼ cup: dried fruit • Other exchanges: 15 grapes, 1 - 1 ¼ cup melon • Berries: 1 ¼ c Straw, 1 c Rasp, ¾ c Blue & Black • Banana: x 1 small, x ½ large

  10. Vegetables • Non-starchy • One exchange: 25 kcals, 5 g CHO, 2 g P, 0 g F • One exchange = • ½ cup: cooked vegetables, vegetable juice • 1 cup: raw vegetables • Remember starchy vegetables are starch equivalents: potatoes, corn, peas

  11. Meats • 1 oz equivalent for all, Fat and kcals vary • Very Lean: 35 kcals, 0 g C, 7 g P, 0-1 g F • Egg white (x3), fat-free lunch meat, • Lean: 55 kcals, 0 g C, 7 g P, 3 g F • Lean beef, pork, skinless poultry, lowfat lunch meat, seafood, fish, fish canned in water • Medium Fat: 75 kcals, 0 g C, 7 g P, 5 g F • Most beef, most pork, lamb, poultry with skin, lunch meat, fish canned in oil, white cheese, reduced fat cheese, tofu, whole egg (x1), organ meat • High Fat: 100 kcals, 0 g C, 7 g P, 8 g F • Beef (Prime cuts, ribs, corned beef, ground), Pork ribs, ground pork, sausage (x1 link or patty), fried fish, bologna, salami, sausage, peanut butter (1 T), hot dog (1 HFM+F)

  12. Fats • One fat exchange = 45 kcals, 0 g CHO, 0 g pro, 5 g fat • 1 tsp: Pure fats (oil, butter, margarine), Mayonnaise • 1 Tbsp: Most Nuts, Reg Dressings, Red. fat mayo, Cream cheese • 2 Tbsp: Red. Fat dressings, Sour cream • Olives: x10 sm, x5 lg • Avocado: 1/8 or ~1/4 c

  13. Combinations & Desserts • 1 cup casserole = 2 MFM, 2 S, 1 Fat • ¼ Cheese Pizza = 1 MFM, 2 S, 1 Fat • 1 cup chili w/ beans = 2 MFM, 2 S, 2 Fat • 1 cup Mac & Cheese = 1 MFM, 2 S, 2 Fat • 1 cup Spaghetti & MBs = 1 MFM, 2 S, 1 Fat • 1 cup (most) Chunky soup = 1 MFM, 1 S, 1 V • 1 cup Beans (cooked) = 1 LM, 2 S • 2 small Cookies = 2 S, 1 Fat • ½ cup Ice cream = 1 S, 2 Fat • 1 oz chips = 1 s, 2 Fat • 4 oz Soda, juice, lemonade, etc = 1 Fr

  14. Extensive List • http://www.glycemic.com/DiabeticExchange/The%20Diabetic%20Exchange%20List.pdf • This PDF document provides a more detailed look at the actual exchange sizes.

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