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Ethnic Cleansing in the F ormer Yugoslavia

Ethnic Cleansing in the F ormer Yugoslavia. Background.

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Ethnic Cleansing in the F ormer Yugoslavia

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  1. Ethnic Cleansing in the Former Yugoslavia

  2. Background A country in the Balkan peninsula of Europe from 1918 to 2003. The country brought together the various ethnic groups of the region under one government. After World War II (1939-1945), Yugoslavia became a Communist country ( Worldbookonline.com). In 1918, King Peter I of Serbia took over Yugoslavia, and upon his death, Alexander I reigned. He abolished the Constitutional Monarchy and set up a dictatorship. He tried to unite the ethnic groups by enforcing one spoken language; Serbo-Croatian and created new borders. During WWII, Yugoslavia was unprepared for war and wanted to remain neutral because of that, but after German pressure, the country joined the Axis Powers. At the close of WWII,, the Partisans had influenced the nation as the communists set up a capital.

  3. Actions Taken to Improve the Situation • Alexander I enforced Serbo-Croatian and created new borders • Communist Party voted to end its monopoly • Independence movements- In 1991 Macedonia claimed independence • Ceasefire in ‘92 • Dividing Bosnia into two parts: Bosniak-Croat federation and Bosnian serbs • North Atlantic Treaty Organizaion (NATO) sponsored peace talks

  4. Current Status • Former Yugoslavia is now Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and Slovenia. • In 2000 Milosevic was elected and then impeached after immense protesting • When in August 1990 Croatia attempted to replace police in the Serb populated Croat Krajina by force, the population first looked for refuge in the JNA caserns, while the army remained passive. The civilians then organised armed resistance. These armed conflicts between the Croatian armed forces (“police”) and civilians mark the beginning of the Yugoslav war that inflamed the region. Similarly, the attempt to replace Yugoslav frontier police by the Slovenian police provoked regional armed conflicts which finished with a minimal number of victims. • the Yugoslav People's Army (JugoslovenskaNarodnaArmija, JNA) met with the Presidency of Yugoslavia in an attempt to get them to declare a state of emergency which would allow for the army to take control of the country. The army was seen as a Serbian service by that time so the consequence feared by the other republics was to be total Serbian domination of the union. • On May 21, 2006, 86 percent of eligible Montenegrin voters turned out for a special referendum on the independence of Montenegro from the state union with Serbia. They voted 55.5% in favor of independence, reaching the 55% threshold set by the European Union. On June 3, 2006, Montenegro officially declared its independence, with Serbia following suit two days later, effectively dissolving one of the last vestiges of the former Yugoslavia. • The similarity of the languages and the long history of common life have left many ties among the peoples of the new states, even though the individual state policies of the new states favour differentiation, particularly in language. The Serbo-Croatian language is linguistically a unique language

  5. Violation of Human Rights • Serbian and Croatian attempt to eliminate Ethnic Albanians • Bombings of NATO worsened the situation • Thousands of deaths

  6. Cultural Regions of Yugoslavia This map shows the many different ethnic groups living in the area of Former Yugoslavia and Yugoslavia has currently been broken up due to the independences of the different traditions.

  7. Yugoslavia by Lena Katina This songs lyrics are:In carried over the DanubeWhiteflowers,whiteflowers,white flowers...And my memory asks for a melodyFrom long ago, long ago, long ago... But like a flock of lost birds, Our song's simple words disperse... You're heading into fire, Yugoslavia! Without me! Without me! Without me! For the downpour of lead during that night,For the reason that I'm not by your side, Forgive me my sister, Yugoslavia...For the death during the spring rainFor that I never came to your rescue Forgive me my sister, Yugoslavia... Like a confused dark-eyed girl, You stand on the other side.But to reach over to that sideI cannot, I cannot, I cannot...in the evening carried over the DanubeWhite flowers, white flowers, white flowersAnd my memory asks for a melodyFrom long ago, long ago, long ago... For that night during the downpour of leadFor that I wasn't there by your side, Forgive me my sister, Yugoslavia...For the death during the spring rainFor that I never came to your rescue Forgive me my sister, Yugoslavia...

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