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Northern and Western Europe

CHAPTER 14. Northern and Western Europe. Section 1: The British Isles Section 2: France Section 3: The Benelux Countries Section 4: Scandinavia. Section 1 The British Isles. Objectives:. How has history affected the culture of the British Isles?

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Northern and Western Europe

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  1. CHAPTER 14 Northern and Western Europe Section 1: The British Isles Section 2: France Section 3: The Benelux Countries Section 4: Scandinavia

  2. Section 1 The British Isles Objectives: • How has history affected the culture of the British Isles? • Why are the cultures of Ireland and the United Kingdom similar? • How has the British economy changed over the last 200 years? • What issue has caused tension in Northern Ireland?

  3. I. The British Isles A. Effects of history on the culture 1. 5,000 years ago, earliest settlers, Stonehenge. 2. Later, Celts—the ancestors of Scots, Welsh, and Irish—occupied England. 3. Romans arrived and built towns. 4. Angles and Saxons came, drove Celts to highland Britain. 5. Vikings raided and built coastal settlements. 6. Norman conquest of 1066 brought French influence.

  4. I. The British Isles B. Similarities of Ireland and the United Kingdom: 1.Social life centers on local eateries. 2. Same Sports: soccer, rugby, and cricket 3. English is main language.

  5. I. The British Isles C. Changes in the British economy: 1. Britain industrialized in early 1800s. 2. It dominated global trade through much of the 1800s. 3. By 1900 Britain had lost its dominance; mines and industries declined. 4. Britain nationalized many industries after World War II; then privatized again. 5. Today the economy is strong: high tech industries, oil and gas, services, tourism.

  6. I. The British Isles D. Tensions in Northern Ireland: 1. Division between Protestants and Catholics has brought violence. 2. Britain has tried to keep peace. 3. 1998 agreement set up shared government, but future is unclear.

  7. Section 2 France Objectives: • What is French culture like? • What are some of the main industries in France? • What challenges does France face today?

  8. Section 2 France Features of French culture: • strong identity united by language and religion • mainly Roman Catholic • concern about American influence • strong desire to preserve customs

  9. Section 2 France Major industries: • fashion design • perfume and cosmetics • jewelry, glassware, furniture • tourism • high-tech—aviation, communications, space technology

  10. Section 2 France Challenges: • privatization—converting state-owned businesses brings unemployment • immigration—integrating migrants from North Africa, Asia, West Africa • colonial empire—maintaining ties without unrest or violence

  11. Section 3 The Benelux Countries Objectives: • What historical ties do the Benelux countries share? • What are the cities and economies of the Benelux countries like?

  12. Section 3 The Benelux Countries Historical ties: • once part of the Netherlands • invaded by foreign powers • political and economic union after World War II

  13. Section 3 The Benelux Countries Cities and economy of Belgium • Brussels—cosmopolitan capital; headquarters of EU, NATO • Antwerp—second city of Belgium; key port • industry, agriculture, services for international business

  14. Section 3 The Benelux Countries Cities and economy of the Netherlands: • diversified economy—agriculture (dairy, flowers), exports, natural gas • urbanized area (Randstad) includes major cities—Amsterdam (capital), Rotterdam (key port), The Hague (Parliament, International Court of Justice)

  15. Section 3 The Benelux Countries Economy of Luxembourg: • highest per capita GDP in world—$36,400 • traditional steel producer; international banking now more important

  16. II. Scandinavia Objectives: • How are the cultures of Scandinavia similar to and different from each other? • What does the economy of this region rely on? • In what areas do most people in Scandinavia live?

  17. Section 4Scandinavia A. Scandinavian cultures: • Similarities • religion—mainly Protestant Lutheran • most languages related • democratic governments • Differences • Finnish language not related to others • Lapps a distinct culture

  18. Section 4Scandinavia Economic foundations: • high-tech industries and export-oriented economies • commercial agriculture in Denmark • forest products in Sweden • fishing in Iceland and Norway • offshore oil and gas in Norway

  19. Section 4Scandinavia Settlement patterns: • Most people live in southern parts of countries, where climate is warmer. • 85 percent of Swedes live in cities. • One-fourth of Danes and Norwegians live in or around capital cities. • Most Finns live near Helsinki. • People in Greenland and Iceland live near coast.

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