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Bibliometrics overview slides. Contents of this slide set. Slides 2-5 Various definitions Slide 6 The context, bibliometrics as 1 tools to assess Slides 7-8 Levels at which you can use bibliometrics. Slides 9-12 More detail about some of these users
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Contents of this slide set • Slides 2-5Various definitions • Slide 6The context, bibliometrics as 1 tools to assess • Slides 7-8Levels at which you can use bibliometrics • Slides 9-12More detail about some of these users • Slides 13-16The building blocks, the main products need to use more than one data source
Bibliometrics definition 1 The branch of library science concerned with the application of mathematical and statistical analysis to bibliography; the statistical analysis of books, articles, or other publications. [Oxford English Dictionary, http://tinyurl.com/lvq4l2, Date Accessed: 15/07/09]
Bibliometrics definition 2 Bibliometrics “the discipline of measuring the performance of a researcher, a collection of articles, a journal, a research discipline or an institution” This process involves the ‘application of statistical analyses to study patterns of authorship, publication, and literature use’. (Lancaster 1977).
Bibliometrics definition 3 • Counting of publications and citations • Measuring the output and the impact of scientific research • Evaluating and ranking people and institutions, countries and research outputs
Putting bibliometrics in context • Bibliometrics & citation analysis is only one quantitative indicator of research. There are other quantitative indicators and qualitative approaches of which peer-review a key indicator. • Bibliometric Measures: • Patterns of authorship, publication & the use of literature • Benefits • Quantitative approaches could be argued to be fairer than qualitative methods e.g. peer-review • Cost effective • Efficiency advantage • Application & importance varies from field to field • tremendous controversy surrounds any assessment of the intellectual output of academics & researchers
The varying levels of use 1 • Publication strategies to ensure maximum visibility by targeting high impact journal titles • Assessment of individuals for promotion, tenure or grant funding • Research Output Evaluation / Research Profiling • Micro Level • Macro Level
The varying layers of use 2 • A personal context – assessing the individual • An Institutional context: • Research Office assessing and benchmarking academic and unit performance • A National context: • Forfas/HEA study Research Strengths in Ireland • Department of Enterprise Trade & Employment (IRL) Value for money review of Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) • An International context: • Times Higher Education Supplement (THES) World University Rankings • Shanghai Jiao Tong University Academic Ranking of World Universities
Example of use to generally assess an individual • -What is Eugene Kennedy’s most highly cited work? • -What is his H-Index? • -What year did he get most citations in? • - Is there a lot of research with no citations at all?
Example of uses to rank and assess journals • Evaluate the scholarly worth of a journal • Rank journals within a discipline • Help you decide where to publish your article for maximum impact • Evaluation for promotion / tenure / grants, or in some countries, even government funding of an institution • May be used as an evaluation source by librarians during journal cancellations or new purchases
Example of use for global rankingTHE World University Rankings http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/
Dataset ISI Citation Index Scopus Google Scholar Metric Tools & Techniques The Building Blocks Quantitative Measures Impact Factor Citation Analysis Publication counts H-index Eigenfactor
What are we counting? • Number of papers per individual, unit, institution • Citation rates and averages per paper, individual, unit • Total number of citations, and cites per paper, per journal, ranking of journals on this basis
You should use more than one data source… • The same paper gets very different citation counts from three tools: PROLA (75); Google Scholar (48) and Web of Science (106).