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ALL TOGETHER NOW … Why tourism policy is necessary but often challenging

ALL TOGETHER NOW … Why tourism policy is necessary but often challenging. Henrik Halkier Aalborg University , Denmark. ALL TOGETHER NOW … Why tourism policy is necessary but often challenging. Why a role for public policy in tourism ? Why is tourism policy often difficult ?

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ALL TOGETHER NOW … Why tourism policy is necessary but often challenging

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  1. ALL TOGETHER NOW …Whytourism policy is necessary but oftenchallenging Henrik Halkier Aalborg University, Denmark

  2. ALL TOGETHER NOW …Whytourism policy is necessary but oftenchallenging Why a role for public policy in tourism? Why is tourism policy oftendifficult? Case study: Coastaltourism in Denmark Conclusions and reflections

  3. The need for tourism policy Source: Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen: Breaking out of Tourism Destination Path Dependency? Exploring the Case of Coastal Tourism in North Jutland, Denmark, German Journal of Economic Geography, May 2013 The tourism system triangle • Diverse travel patterns • Diverse producers • Diverse public sector Policy drivers • Safeguarding markets • Increase/change visitation • Regulate conflicts • Other: Safety, environment, …

  4. What can go wrong in tourism policy Economic & socio-cultural environment Help/opposition Cultural patterns Discursive terrain Political environment Agendas Demands Implementing organisation Political sponsor Organisation Policy design Policy target Firms Organisations Public authorities Tourists PROBLEM DEFINITION POLICY OUTCOME Source: Inspired by inter alia Ham & Hill, Jenkins, Sabatier, Parsons, Winter – Elaborated on the basis of Henrik Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional Development, Brussels: PIE Peter Lang, 2006, chapter 3. Conflicting demands !! Insufficient resources !! Unresponsive targets !! Lack of urgency !!

  5. Case: Coastal tourism development in Denmark Commercial overnight stays – source: VisitDenmark

  6. Case: Coastal tourism development in Denmark Families with kids, nature-based, seasonal, neighbouring markets Automobile, self-catering, week-based Marketing Civil ownership/co-use, life-style entrepreneurs, monopolitistic rental bureaus Multi-level sectoral policy network, uneven local priority National ownership, planning restrictions halkier@cgs.aau.dk

  7. Case: Coastal tourism development in Denmark Traditional practices (destination marketing) marketing destination jointly Maintaining support from local government and private stakeholders New practices (destination management) developing new experiences managing/involving private stakeholders

  8. Case: Coastal tourism development in Denmark 7 6 9 10 4 8 3 2 1 5 Allinge-Sandvig Sønderborg Møn Hvide Sande/Søndervig Marielyst Hals Skagen Kerteminde Klitmøller/Nørre Vorupør Kongernes Nordsjælland Research aims • Explore the potential contribution of practice theory to understanding of public destination governance Methods • 10 Danish coastal destinations • 89 interviews (DMOs, public, private) • Analysis inspired by Nicolini’s (2012) dimensions of practice: • practical concerns • sayings/doings • timing/tempo

  9. Case: Coastal tourism development in Denmark

  10. Conclusions and reflections So employing a practice theory perspective we have found…. • Practical concerns are several: • marketing/survival (short-term) versus experience development (longer-term) • Sayings/doings: trying to square circle by intertwining policy streams • Timing/tempo: disruptive funding undermines competences/trust • Despite overlapping public communities of practice, a focus on conservative small firmsmakescreative policy practicesdifficult … and therefore ... • Still, tourism policy is necessary but challenging

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