Chris Greacen

1. “Energy is a human right”: Renewable energy on the Thai/Burma border Energy and Development Workshop Monterey Institute of International Studies Irvine Auditorium, McCone Hall May 7, 2010 Chris Greacen

2. Outline Thailand Micro-hydropower Solar home systems maintenance & repair Refugee camp renewable energy trainings Burma Solar electricity for medical clinics, etc., in Karen-controlled Burma

3. Started 2005 provides hands-on appropriate technology support … to village innovators in ethnic minority areas on both sides of the Thai/Burma border Conflict area Little/no rural electrification Joint effort: Karen Network for Culture & Environment (Thailand) TOPS (Taiwan), Palang Thai (Thailand), Green Empowerment (USA) Sun EPI (USA)

4. Our goal: Improve access to clean energy to improve quality of life “Energy is a human right.”

5. Thailand Projects

6. Micro-hydroelectricity Source: Inversin, A. R. (1986). Micro-Hydropower Sourcebook.

7. Inversin, A. R. (1986). Micro-Hydropower Sourcebook

8. Our community micro-hydro projects in Thailand

11. Kre Khi village, Tak province About 500 W for school, clinic, Buddhist temple

14. 2010 -- E Wi Jo, Tak province3 kW Pump-as-turbine

15. Micro-hydro Video: Mae Wei Village, Feb. 2008

17. Mae Klang Luang, Chaing Mai 200 watts $120 (turbine: $90) Installed: 2007 Head: 1.7 meters

18. Border Green Energy Team Needed: maintenance & repair trainings for > 14,000 Thai solar home systems

19. Thai government solar home program 203,000 solar home systems US$200 million No maintenance plan 23% failure rate within 20 months

20. Thai SHS in Tak province Rated 150 W, 50 Hz, 230 V Inverter / 10 A Charge controller Rated 120 peak Watt single crystalline PV module AC outlet for TV or other appliances Two 10 W tube fluorescent lights with electronic ballasts 12 V, 125 Ah deep cycle lead-acid battery

21. warranty Existing linkages Tax payers $ Ministry of Interior $ PEA $ Installation company SHS End users

22. warranty Missing linkages Tax payers $ Ministry of Interior $ PEA $ Installation company SHS End users What happens when systems fail? There is no feedback loop from the end users to installation company, PEA, government or taxpayers

23. warranty Missing linkages Tax payers $ Ministry of Interior $ PEA $ Installation company SHS End users Feedback on status of systems, failure modes, successful interventions Warranty awareness Self-help: local technicians + user training

25. Thailand SHS Training

26. BGET SHS trainings in Tak province

27. BGET SHS trainings in Tak province Trainings already performed in ten Tambons

28. Border Green Energy Team Refugee camp trainings

30. History of ESP • Started 2003 by Saw Loh Doh, first Principal • ZOA Refugee Care supported since 2005 • Provide essential engineering skills for Karen youth • Encourage self-reliance

31. Solar PV Micro-hydro Hydraulic ram pump Solar cooking Biogas

32. Hydraulic Ram Pumping

33. Biogas from Animal Manure

34. Solar/diesel hybrid systems for computer training centers in 7 refugee camps

35. ESP students apply engineering skills to implement community development work…

36. Border Green Energy Team Solar electricity for >50 medical clinics for internally displaced inside Burma

37. Up to 2 million “Internally Displaced People” (IDP) in Burma

39. Ruggedized solar electric systems built by medics in 3-5 day hands-on trainings • 10 trainings (2003-2010) • >90 medics trained • >50 clinics • 5 vaccine refrigerators

44. Clinic Conditions

45. Solar Equipment & Training

46. Solar Systems for FBR Training Facility:Medical and Human Rights/Leadership

47. Walt RattermanBGET co-founder +++ www.sunepi.org

48. Chris Greacen chris@palangthai.org www.palangthai.org Salinee Tavaranan (BGET director) salinie@gmail.com www.bget.org

49. BGET’s Next Steps… • 3rd year Appropriate Tech classes for ESP • Thai SHS repair pilot projects • Demonstration/Learning Center • Orphanage Project