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GLYCOLYSIS II & PYRUVATE OXIDATION

GLYCOLYSIS II & PYRUVATE OXIDATION. Last class. Intro to cellular respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 36 ATP * A series of oxidizing reactions converts the energy stored in C-C bonds of glucose to form ATP molecules. Last class. 2 reactions :

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GLYCOLYSIS II & PYRUVATE OXIDATION

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  1. GLYCOLYSIS II &PYRUVATE OXIDATION

  2. Last class... Intro to cellular respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP * A series of oxidizing reactions converts the energy stored in C-C bonds of glucose to form ATP molecules

  3. Last class... • 2 reactions: • 1. Substrate-level Phosphorylation • - Directly produces ATP from ADP + Pi  ATP • 2. Oxidative Phosphorylation • Indirectly produces ATP through the use of electron carriers • NAD+ + 2e + 1p  NADH + H+ • FAD + 2e + 2p  FADH2

  4. Last class... • 4 steps in the process of cellular respiration: • Glycolysis • Pyruvate Oxidation • Krebs Cycle • ETC/Chemiosmosis

  5. Last class... Glycolysis I

  6. Today... *In Glycolysis I, we have broken glucose down into two 3-carbon molecules called G3P (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) * We need to transform those molecules into more usable forms *In Glycolysis II, G3P is converted to PYRUVATE! ** Pyruvate also has 3-carbons * IMP: we will only talk about 1 set of reactions from now on, although it happens twice (for each G3P molecule)

  7. Glycolysis II

  8. Glycolysis II Step 1: G3P picks up a Pi and is reduced by NAD+ to form 1,3 – BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE[BPG] *Note: NAD+ removes a H (2 e, 1p) from G3P to form NADH + H +

  9. Glycolysis II Step 2: BPG loses a phosphate group to form 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE[3PG] *Note: The loss of Pi from BPG from is used to form ATP ADP + Pi  ATP

  10. Glycolysis II Step 3: 3PG rearranges to form 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE[2PG] *Isomerization reaction!

  11. Glycolysis II Step 4: 2PG loses 2 H’s and 1 Oxygen as water to form PHOSPHO-ENOL-PYRUVATE[PEP]

  12. Glycolysis II Step 5: PEP loses a phosphate group, Pi , to form PYRUVATE *Note: The loss of Pi from PEP from is used to form ATP ADP + Pi  ATP

  13. Glycolysis - SUMMARY • We have converted glucose into two 3-carbon molecules, PYRUVATE that will be further converted • GLYCOLYSIS ENERGY TALLY

  14. Question of the Day • Can our thoughts after the world around us? • Word of the Day • NOETIC SCIENCE

  15. PYRUVATE OXIDATION *TRANSITION REACTION*

  16. PYRUVATE OXIDATION * Now that we have produced two molecules of PYRUVATE, we need to break it down even further to obtain all the energy possible from the C-C bonds in glucose. * Glycolysis occurred in the CYTOPLASM, * Pyruvate oxidation transports the molecules across the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix * There are 3 steps in one transition reaction

  17. PYRUVATE OXIDATION Steps: 1. CO2 is removed from PYRUVATE to form an acetyl group 2. NAD+removes 2 e + 1p from pyruvate to form NADH + H+ 3. CoA combines to the remaining molecule to form ACETYL-CoA*Co-enzyme A is used to shuttle the acetyl group across the membrane

  18. PYRUVATE OXIDATION - SUMMARY • Pyruvate, produced from glucose, is converted into a more useful form, ACETYL-CoA, that can be transported across the mitochondrial membrane • PYRUVATE OXIDATION ENERGY TALLY • TOTAL ENERGY TALLY

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