Functional Area Presentation

1. Functional Area Presentation Multicultural Affairs

2. What is Culture? • Definition provided: Culture generally includes (1) shared histories, (2)languages, (3)foods,  (4)dress, (5)artifacts, (6)symbols, (7)traditions, (8)belief systems, assumptions, philosophies or ideologies, values, norms, moral standards, ethical principles, and other common understandings.

3. Key Historical Events  African Americans • Prior to the Civil War only 28 African-Americans received BAs from American college and were limited to Predominately White Institutions (PWI) and a few HBCUs • 1890 HBCUs were founded mainly between the Civil War and 1890 • 1890 2nd Morrill Act (provide funds for “equitable black education”) • 1896 Plessy V Ferguson (separate but equal) • 1954 Brown V Board (abolished separate but equal clause) • 1964 Title VI of the Civil Rights Act • 1998 Although HBCUs represent about 3% of the population they enrolled ~ 14.2% of African American college students

4. Key Historical Events  Asian Pacific Americans • 1970 - 1980 the APA population more than doubled between these years, growing at a rate "more than 10 times that of the US population as a whole"  (Chew and Ogi, 1987) • 1988 - 1998 enrollment of APA in Higher Education increased by 80% and of that, 60% enrolled in 4 year institutions • 1968-1969 Asian American Studies programs developed as a result of student protest

5. Key Historical Events  Hispanics • WWII - Hispanics began entering Higher Education a little before this time. They were forced to assimilate to reach graduation. • 1968 - Mostly due to the “La Raza” movement and the civil rights legislation did a large number of H-L students participate in American higher education • During this time period, H-L students mostly matriculated to two year institutions • 1988 – 1998 H-L had the highest growth rate for enrollment among the 4 underrepresented groups

6. Key Historical Events • 1568 – Education of Indians by Non-Indians began • 1723 – Special facilities were provided at William and Mary • 1773 – Continental congress approved $500 at Darthmouth • 1968 – First Tribal College opened, majority (27) are now 2-year community colleges Native Americans

7. Evolution of the functional area • 1960's - When large number of minority students began to appear in PWIs little was done to address their special needs. • 1970’s and 80’s - institutions developed offices of minority student services • 1970’s and 80’s - colleges witnessed the creation of such programs as the TRIO and Upward Bound • 1980’s and 90’s - Gradually turned from Minority Student Services to Multicultural Affairs and began including other areas

8. Principles of Good Practice • There are three main aspects that a good a multicultural affairs office should practice: • Provide support to underrepresented cultural groups. • Provide multicultural education for all students • Promote systemic change that fosters a multicultural perspective across the campus

9. National Professional Associations • National Conference on Race and Ethnicity in American Higher Education (NCORE) http://www.ncore.ou.edu/index.html • The Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education https://www.cas.edu/index.html

10. Roles for Practitioners • Educator • Advisor • Coordinator • Role Models

11. Current and Future Challenges •     Maximizing the institutional effectiveness of minority affairs offices •     Sustaining or increasing institutional commitment to addressing minority concerns and changing campus cultures. •     Rectifying budgetary problems •     Increasing financial assistance to students •     Assisting underrepresented students •     Developing curricula that are reflective of the diverse student population •     Developing retention programs for minority students •     Merging racial and gender issues

12. Structural Differences One Cultural Center vs Multiple Advocacy Centers • Serving as a resource for more than just ethnicity

13. Job Posting Director of Multicultural AffairsThe Director of Multicultural Affairs leads the development and implementation of programs and educational initiatives designed to increase and enhance the cultural competence of the Homewood community. The Director supervises the overall operations of the office, professional and support staff, and departmental budgets. The director develops and facilitates outof-classroom educational experiences that increase the capacity for critical thought about and understanding of issues of pluralism, race, class, gender, and sexual orientation. Johns Hopkins University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer committed to recruiting, supporting, and fostering a diverse community of outstanding faculty, staff, and students. All applicants who share this goal are encouraged to apply. For more detailed information and to apply, go to https://hrnt.jhu.edu/jhujobs/and search for requisition 41503. • Director of Multicultural Affairs • Institution: • the Johns Hopkins University • Posted: • October 19, 2009 • Location: • Maryland • Category: • Minority/ multicultural affairs, Other student affairs • Position Description: • Not Provided • Employment Level: • Not Provided • Website: • Not Provided • Salary: • Unspecified

14. Article • http://chronicle.com/article/Learning-to-Heal-BodyM/46957/