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The Preterite

The Preterite. The Simple Past Tense. The Preterite Tense. The Preterite Tense is used to show actions that have happened in the past. Example: Josh attended Mr. Petula’s class. Example: Dawn painted Katie a picture for her birthday. The Endings.

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The Preterite

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  1. The Preterite The Simple Past Tense

  2. The Preterite Tense • The Preterite Tense is used to show actions that have happened in the past. • Example: Josh attended Mr. Petula’s class. • Example: Dawn painted Katie a picture for her birthday.

  3. The Endings • As in English, Spanish adds an ending to the verb to make it in the preterite tense. • In English you would say that Josh attended, Dawn painted… • In Spanish there are 6 different types of endings to express the preterite tense.

  4. 1) AR Verbs • Endings for AR Verbs -é -amos -aste -asteis -ó -aron • These endings are added to most -ar verbs.

  5. Irregulars of AR Verbs • AR verbs ending in –car, -gar, -zar change. • First Person Singular only. • Why? • The changes occur in the first person singular because the c and g before an e make it a soft sound. The z before an e does not exist.

  6. …..therefore…. • For –car verbs the ending would be -qué. Example Toqué • For –gar verbs the ending would be -gué. Example Jugué • For –zar verbs the ending would be -cé. Example Empecé.

  7. 2) ER/IR Verbs • Endings for ER/IR Verbs -í -imos -iste -isteis -ió -ieron • These endings are added to most -er verbs.

  8. Irregulars for ER/IR Verbs1. The yó/yeron verbs • ER/IR verbs ending with double vowels will change. • Third Person Singular and Plural. • Why? 3 Vowels. • Example: Creió, Creieron; Oió, Oieron; Caió, Caieron.

  9. ….so….. • Instead of using an i in the third person singular and plural forms, change the i to y. • Example: Creer- creyó, creyeron Oir- oyó, oyeron Caer- cayó, cayeron

  10. Stem Changers or “Sandal Verbs” in ER/IR Preterite Verbs • There are 2 types of verbs in the Preterite Tense that have a Stem Change. The Stem Change occurs in the third person positions. • Types: e-i & o-u serví servimos morí morimos serviste servisteis moriste moristeis sirvió sirvieron murió murieron

  11. 3) Dar and Ver • These are two strange verbs that have the ER/IR endings but without accents. DarVer di dimos vi vimos diste disteis visteis viste dio dieron vio vieron

  12. 4) The 9 Irregular Preterite Verbs • These nine irregulars all use the same endings with no accents. • Endings: -e -imos -iste -isteis -o -ieron

  13. 4) The 9 Irregulars Stem Changers • Andar- anduv- • Tener- tuv- • Estar- estuv- • Poner- pus- • Poder- pud- • Saber- sup- • Hacer- hic- (hizo) • Querer- quis- • Venir- vin-

  14. 5) –cir Ending Verbs and Traer • Any verb ending with –cir and the verb traer fall into this category. • They all use the following endings: -e -imos -iste -isteis -o -eron *The endings are the same as the Irregular endings except for the “i” in the 3rd person plural.

  15. 5) –cir Ending Verbs and Traer • The verb stems you would add these endings to are as followed: • Decir- dij- • Conducir- conduj- • Producir- produj- • Traducir- traduj- • Traer- traj-

  16. 6) Ir and Ser • The verbs ir (to go) and ser (to be) are strange unusual verbs they are conjugated the same. fui fuimos fuiste fuisteis fue fueron *ser is rarely used in the preterite tense.

  17. Good luck with the Preterite! ¡Buena Suerte!

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