LTAD 101 Training to Train Stage

1. LTAD 101 Training to Train Stage Istvan Balyi National Sport Centre Vancouver – Victoria Sport Canada and sports coach UK LTAD Advisor

2. « La définition de la folie, c’est refaire toujours la même chose en s’attendant à un résultat différent. »Albert Einstein “The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.” Albert Einstein

4. SevenStagesof Long-TermAthlete Development FUNdamental Active Start Learning to Train Training to Train Training to Compete Training to Win Active for Life

6. Training to TrainDevelopmental Age – onset of PHV Males: 12-16 Females: 11-15 Building engine and sport specific skills

9. Training to Train

11. Sport requirements: V.B. Midget(Cardinal, 2007) Training to Train: performance factors relativeimportance

12. Physical, Mental / Cognitive and Emotional Development

16. Athlete Development and Support Programmes ATP – Advanced Training & Performance

17. Chronological age Relative age Biological age Skeletal age Developmental age Training age Sport-specific training age

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25. If one year can have such an impact, what about 2, or 3 or 4 or 5 years of difference??? • Athletes can be 4 – 5 years apart in developmental age!

27. How old is a 14 year old ?

28. Irish boxers – 14 years old 60kg., 40 kg., and 50 kg.

38. Peak Height Velocity & Peak Bone Mass Growth & PSV Males Females Relative increase per year PSV PSV 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Age (years) Adapted from Tanner, 1978 & Kahn, 1999

40. Factor # 5Trainability A B C D

41. “Windows of Optimal Trainability” • Adaptation and trainability • Accelerated adaptation to training • “Critical” or “Sensitive” Periods • The 5 S’s of training is a good framework to overview the windows

42. Variation in trainability.(Adapted from work by Bouchard et al., 1997) ‘Fast’ & ‘large’ response ‘Slow’ & ‘large’ response Magnitude of training response ‘Fast’ & ‘small’ response ‘Slow’ & ‘small’ response Time course of training response

43. Literature • Armstrong, N. and Welsman, J. Young People and Physical Activity. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997. • Bar-Or, O. ed. The Child and Adolescent Athlete. London, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1996.

44. FIG – Age Group Development Program (CD) (Far the best overview of the trainability literature) • Viru at al. Age periods of accelerated improvement of muscle strength, power, speed and endurance in age interval 6 – 18 years. Biology of Sport, Warsaw, V.15(4), pp. 211 – 27, 1998.

45. Viru et.al. Age periods of accelerated improvements of muscle strength, power, speed and endurance in the age intervals of 6 – 18 years. • 31 studies and 11 reviews • Cross sectional studies, number of subjects 83 to 21175 • Longitudinal studies 65 to 90 • Age range 6 to 18 years • Clearly defined endurance, strength and speed windows

46. Sensitive periods for development of motor abilities in young swimmers (Schramm at al., 1984)

47. Sensitive periods for development of motor abilities in young swimmers (Vorontsov, Solomatin, Sidorov, 1986, 1988)

49. Trainability • Based on chronological age: • Skill • Speed • Suppleness • Based on developmental age • Stamina • Strength • Biological markers • onset of PHV • PHV • onset of menarche “Reactive Periodization”

50. Developmental age - PHV • How to measure ? • What to measure ? • When to measure ? • What tools to use for the measurements ? • Who should measure ? • How to administer measurement data ?