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Environmental Engineering Dr Jawad Al-rifai

Philadelphia University Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering. Environmental Engineering Dr Jawad Al-rifai . Lecture no. Reactor. Definition:. The tanks in which physical, chemical and biochemical. Ex Water softening & Wastewater treatment. Reactor Types.

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Environmental Engineering Dr Jawad Al-rifai

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  1. Philadelphia University Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Environmental EngineeringDr Jawad Al-rifai Lecture no. Reactor

  2. Definition: • The tanks in which physical, chemical and biochemical. Ex Water softening & Wastewater treatment

  3. Reactor Types 1- Batch reactor • Fill & draw types; materials are added to the tank, mixed for sufficient time to allow reaction to occur and then drained. Ex. Laboratory experiment. • Size < 150m3/d • Inexpensive • Easy to operate & build • No influent or effluent –step increase or pulse; Mass balance Ct/Co=e-kt Co: concentration at time zero Ct: concentration at time t K: rate of reaction T: time

  4. Continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR)(Completely mixed flow reactor (CMFR)) • Material flows into, through and out of the reactor at all times • uniform throughout the tank • Ex rapid mix or flash mix tank for Water treatment, wastewater treatment • Ex natural system; lake, mixing of two streams, air in the room • Water flow > 150m3/d • The composition of the effluent is the same as the composition in the tank • Mass balance express as Qin = Qoutat no reaction

  5. Ct=Co exp (-t/to)

  6. Plug flow reactors (PFR) • Fluid particles pass through the tank in sequence. • Those that inter first leave first. • Assuming no mixing occur in the lateral direction. • As long as the flow conditions remain steady, the composition of the effluent remains constant. • Ex. Pipes, long narrow rivers, biological treatment in WWTp • MB eq: In (Cout/Cin)=-K L/U= -k V/Q L: length of plug-flow segment u: Linear velocity, m/s

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