Plants

1. Plants By: Deja Smith and Keely McMahon

2. 9.1 Draw stem tissues

4. 9.1 Draw leaf tissues

6. 9.1 Difference between monocots and dicots.

7. 9.1 Differences between monocots and dicots.

9. 9.1 Function of leaf tissues • Tendrils: • coil around objects to help support the plant and climb • Example: Pea Plants tendrils from leaves • Reproductive Leaves: • Produce tiny plants along leaf margins that fall to the ground and take root in the soil • Example: kalanchoe plants

11. 9.1 Function of leaf tissues • Bracts or Floral Leaves: • colored modified leaves that attract pollinators • Example: Poinsettia • Spines: • reduce water loss, can be associated with modified stems that also carry out photosynthesis • Example: Cacti

13. 9.1 Meristems • Two Types: • Apical and Lateral • Apical Meristems: • “primary meristems” • Produces primary tissues and causes primary growth (growth in length) • Growth from root to shoot • Results in herbaceous, non woody stems and roots

15. 9.1 Meristems • Lateral Meristems: • Growth in thickness “secondary growth” • Includes most “woody” plants • Two types: • Cork cambium within bark produces cork cells of outer bark • Vascular cambium produces secondary vascular tissue • Between xylem and phloem in vascular bundles. On inside secondary xylem produced (major component of wood), on outside secondary phloem produced

16. 9.1 Auxin and Photoropism • Phototropism- • plant’s response to light • Stem positive and root negative • Auxins- • hormones that cause positive phototropism of plant shoots and seedlings • Auxin concentration higher on side away from sun which causes elongation of plant cells (growth towards the light)

17. 9.2 Roots and angiosperm transport • Three zones: • Zone of maturation- • cells become functional • Zone of Elongation- • cell growth (enlargement), (G1 phase) • Zone of cell division- • new undifferentiated cells form (M phase in cell cycle)

18. 9.2 Mineral ions • Pass from soil to root: • Three ways: • Diffusion of mineral ions and mass flow of water in soil carrying ions • Help form hungalhyphae (symbiotic relationship between roots and fungi) • Active transport

19. 9.2 What is transpiration • Loss of water vapor from stomata (guard cells) of leaves • Stomata open and close with the hormone abscisic acid • Transpired water replenished by water uptake in roots • Continuous stream of water from roots to upper parts of plants • Affected by light, humidity, wind, temperature, soil water, and carbon dioxide

20. 9.2 Movement of water and minerals • Water moves down concentration gradients • Water lost by transcription replaced by after from vesicles • Vesicle water column maintained because of cohesion and adhesion • Tension in columns' of water in the xylem • Water pulled from root cortex into xylem cells • Water pulled from soil into roots

21. 9.2 Translocation

22. 9.3 Animal-pollinated dicotyledonous flower

24. 9.2 Pollinationand fertilization • Pollination: • When pollen is placed on a female stigma • Self- pollination and cross- pollination • Fertilization: • When male and female sex cells meet to create a diploid zygote

25. 9.2 Seeds

27. 9.2 Seed germination • Only occurs if conditions favorable: • Water to rehydrate dried seed tissues • Oxygen allows for aerobic respiration to produce ATP • Temperature (enzyme activity) • Many other plants have specific conditions