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Experience of fuel operation at Russian NPPs

Experience of fuel operation at Russian NPPs. N.M. Sorokin , Yu.V . Kopyov , V.E. Khlentsevich , А.К. Egorov. Russian NPPs. 10 NPPs , 31 units , N installed . = 23242 MW.

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Experience of fuel operation at Russian NPPs

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  1. Experience of fuel operation at Russian NPPs N.M. Sorokin, Yu.V. Kopyov, V.E. Khlentsevich, А.К.Egorov

  2. Russian NPPs 10NPPs, 31units, N installed.=23242MW

  3. Output of Russian NPPs in 1992-2015 (considering the activities aimed at output improvement, without grid restrictions for Kola NPP from 01.01.2009, and both taking into account commissioning of new units and without it)

  4. Load factor at Russian NPPs in 1992-2015 (according to the output forecast)

  5. Total capacity of different type NPP units - 23242 МW

  6. Annual consumption of fuel assemblies - 4196 pieces

  7. Annual consumption of the enriched uranium - 605 tons

  8. Annual consumption of the natural uranium - 3711 tons

  9. Main targets of Rosenergoatom in the area of fuel use • Enhancement of the fuel operation reliability and safety • Improvement of the fuel operation efficiency • Increase of the electricity generation

  10. Data on the fuel operation 1.Monitoring of the operational parameters: • Fuel burn-up; • Operational life; • Integrity of the fuel elements; • Deformations of the fuel assemblies; • Load cycles. 2.Post-reactor studies: • Study of the fuel damage causes; • Justification of the fuel burn-up improvement; • Justification of the implementation of the new generation fuel assemblies.

  11. Main areas in the fuel improvement for VVER-1000 • Operational life up to 6 years; • Average fuel burn-up to 68 MW – day/kg U; • Improved bending rigidity; • Operational reliability value ~ 10-61/year; • Portable design; • Decrease in the number of the distance lattice; • Improvement of the uranium content; • Application of the anti-debris filters; • Application of the mixing lattice intensifiers.

  12. Main stages in implementation of new fuel types at VVER-1000 2006 FA-2М and AFA-ALPHA 2003 FA-2 1998 AFA 1994 SFA (UGT) 1993 Zirconium distance lattices and inserts

  13. Modification of main design fuel features for VVER-1000

  14. Average burn-up of the unloaded fuel at VVER-1000, МW*day/kg U

  15. Specific consumption of the natural uranium at VVER-1000, kg U/МW*day

  16. Maximum burn-up of the unloaded fuel at VVER-1000 NPP units, МW*day/kg U

  17. Maximum operation life of the unloaded fuel, effective hours

  18. Relative number of the damaged fuel elements unloaded at VVER-1000 NPP units, 10-5

  19. Main areas in the fuel improvement at VVER-440 • Operational life up to 6 years; • Average fuel burn-up to 53 МW·day/kg U; • Improved operational reliability (vibration resistance bundle, anti-debris lattices, upgraded conjunction facility); • Portable design; • Application of the zirconium coating with decrease concentration of hafnium ; • Improvement of water-uranium relation; • Elongation of the pellet active part.

  20. Main stages of implementation of the new fuel types at VVER-440 2002 pellets of the 2-ndgeneration 2000 vibration resistance pellets 1998 pellets with uranium-hafnium pellets 1995 pellets with enrichment 3,82%

  21. Modification of the main fuel design features at VVER-440

  22. Average burn-up of the unloaded fuel at VVER-440 (2-nd generation), МW*day/kg U

  23. Specific consumption of the natural uranium at VVER-440 (2-nd generation), kg U /МW*day

  24. Relative number of the damaged fuel elements unloaded at VVER-440, 1-ststage, 10-5

  25. Relative number of the damaged fuel elements unloaded at VVER-440 units, 2-nd stage, 10-5

  26. Characteristic of fuel reliability by WANO indicator World average VVER-440 of the 2-nd generation VVER-1000

  27. Post-reactor studies of fuel assemblies

  28. CONCLUSION • Implementation of new fuel designs and fuel cycles improved the efficiency of fuel use at NPPs and allowed to improve load factor. • The task of the energy output growth at the existing NPP units will be resolved by reactor thermal power uprating, improvement of the turbine effectiveness and transition to operation with increased inter-outage intervals.

  29. Main objective of the coming stage Growth of the electricity generation at the operating NPP units

  30. Organizational and statutory documents on the electricity generation growth • Concept of the program on upgrading of the operating NPPs for the period 2007-2012 approved by S.V. Kirienko, Head of Rosatom; • Program of the electricity generation growth at the operation NPPs of Rosenergoatom for 2007-2015 approved by V.V. Travin, Deputy Head of Rosatom; • Subprogramof thermal power increase at VVER-1000 units for 4 %; • Subprogramof thermal power increase at RBMK-1000 units for 5%. • Subprogramof thermal power increase at VVER-440 units for7 %; 6. Subprogramof transition for 18-months fuel cycle at VVER-1000 units.

  31. Main areas in electricity generation growth • NPP power uprating; • Implementation of 18-months fuel cycles at VVER-1000 units; • Minimization of maintenance outage durations; • Increase of inter-maintenance cycles at RBMKs.

  32. Activities aimed at the NPP power uprating Equivalent NPP power uprating, GW

  33. Schedule of the activities on rated power uprating to 104% at pilot NPP unit(Balakovo NPP, unit 2) 104% 100% - completed

  34. Transition to the 18-months fuel cycle of the pilot unit (Balakovo NPP unit 1) 18 мес. 10-12 мес. - completed

  35. Generalized schedule of the activities on power uprating of VVER-440 to 107% (Kola NPP unit 4) 107% 100% - completed

  36. Generalized schedule of the activities on thermal power uprating of Kursk NPP unit 1 to 105% 105% 100% - completed

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