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Senegal Colonial History

Senegal Colonial History. William Trey Carter. Paleolithic. Earliest evidence of human life was found in the valley of the Faleme in the south east. The presence of man is attested by the discovery of stone tools such as hand axes.

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Senegal Colonial History

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  1. Senegal Colonial History William Trey Carter

  2. Paleolithic • Earliest evidence of human life was found in the valley of the Faleme in the south east. • The presence of man is attested by the discovery of stone tools such as hand axes. • The ancient remains are threatened by the acidity in the soil, tourist, and machines used for mining phosphate.

  3. Pre Colonial • Senegal had a very developed hierarchical system that involved different classes of royal and non royal nobles, free men, occupational castes and slaves. • Throughout the different classes, intermarriage was rarely allowed. Women could not marry anyone above them and their children wouldn’t receive the father’s superior status if she was pregnant.

  4. Kingdoms and Empires • The region of modern Senegal was a part of the larger region called Upper Guinea by European traders. • Senegal was first populated from the north and east in several waves of migration, the last being that of the Wolof, the Fulani and the Serer.

  5. Resources • Senegal has many natural recourses such as various fish, phosphates, and iron ore. • Like most places in the world the resources were threatened by deforestation, poaching, and over fishing.

  6. Culture • Customary to give a small gift when invited to someone's house for a meal. • Gifts should be given with both hands. Giving with the left hand is seen as disrespectful. • Common to see people wearing amulets (called gris-gris) around their neck, arm and leg. • Many Senegalese believe in supernatural forces and that certain people such as doctors or herbalist have the power to control these forces.

  7. Modern Colonialism • Many European powers( Netherlands, Portugal, and England) competed for trade in the area from the 15th century onward. • In 1677 France got possession of what had become a minor slave trading port, the infamous island of Goreefrom the Dutch. • 1758 the French settlement was captured by a British expedition as part of the Seven Years' War, but was later returned to France. • It was only in the 1850s that the French, under the governor, Louis Faidherbe, began to expand their foothold onto the Senegalese mainland, at the expense of the native kingdoms.

  8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRSGknxiOgk

  9. British Control (1763-1817) • As a result of the Seven Years War in Europe and associated colonial fighting, Britain forced France to cede Senegal. • The British returned the colony after the Napoleonic Wars • Britain retained control over part of what had been Senegal; Gambia was cut out of the middle of the country along the Gambia River. • It is believed the reason behind the return was that the land was not sufficiently profitable.

  10. Britain vs. France • From the moment Europeans started exploring the area in the 15th century they were enticed by the Senegal and Gambian rivers. They could bring ocean traveling vessels 150 miles inland. • For a century the Protégées have them to themselves reaching the Senegal in 1444 and the Gambian in 1455. • The French establish a trading station at the mouth of the Senegal in 1638. In 1659 they move it to St Louis, a more secure island. • Meanwhile the British have been concentrating their efforts on the Gambia • France and Britain are at this time on the verge of a century and a half of almost continuous warfare against each other. • The fortified settlements in Africa change hands between the two nations again and again during the 18th century. • By the end of everything France receives the Senegal and the outpost of Goree between the two rivers.

  11. French Dominance • The European naval powers struggle with each other for areas of dominance along the African coast. • The coast was vast so even declining powers like Portugal were able to dominate some of the coast. • The trading post in St. Louis is the start of Senegal as a French colony. • St. Louis and the French slave trade was relatively small compared to the other major countries, but this was due to the lack of territories the had in the Caribbean and South America. • France had relations with native rulers and were able to supply slaves to the colonial plantations, which at the time was in huge demand.

  12. Work cited • http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/plaintexthistories.asp?historyid=ac64 • http://www.iss.co.za/af/profiles/Senegal/Politics.html • http://histclo.com/country/afr/sen/hist/sh-fce.html • http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/world/senegal-country-africa-history.html • http://www.hu.mtu.edu/~dshoos/HU3262/HU3262SenegalHistoryof.htm

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