Nairobi City Water & Sewerage C ompany

1. Business Case for Piloting AMR Solution for Bulk ConsumersPresented by: MburuKiemoNon Revenue Water Department Nairobi City Water & Sewerage Company 9th May 2013

2. Demonstrate Existing Estimates of Revenue Losses Identify AMR as a Possible Solution Discussion Objective of the Presentation

3. Addressing some Technology challenges including: Clogging and blockages of meters Under performance of meters - consistency Under registration of meters - and impact on revenue Calibration ... and Operational challenges: Human interface Efficiency in meter reading and billing Slow response after breakdown of meters AMRs: improving efficiencies & increasing revenues

4. Knowledge management and efficiencies on the ground EPZ: Meter chamber filled up with raw sewerage … meter reading a challenge. Coca Cola:may be under sized; fittings too close to meter and may cause turbulence. Iber Africa: Meter observed to be moving at a very slow motion JKIA: the flow is not consistent with the size of meter; bypass observed.

5. Step 1: Resolution & Demonstration of Technology Choices • That technology should be used to address some of these challenges. • That technology is available, i.e. electromagneticand ultrasonic. • Step 2: First Data Analysis • Period: March – August 2012 • Consumers: 237 • Three levels: High, Middle and Low Level Consumers • Assess: accuracy and consistency of data; and identifying sizing consumption patterns. Identifying the needs and understanding the context

6. Findings: There was inconsistency in readings in all levels, among high end consumers….. High End Consumers (>100m3/mth)

7. ……..

8. .... and zero or very low readings for others over 3-5 months (sample below)

9. For 237 consumers the cumulated potential loss of KShs45million uptoKShs194million over a 6 months period

10. Step 3: Second Data Analysis to assess the challenges and identify focus consumers for a pilot. • Longer Period: January – December 2011 • Fewer Consumers: top 100 consumers • Three levels: High, Middle and Low Level A second analysis was recommended using updated information

11. Findings: with new data, inconsistencies were still observed. Max: 264,200 Min: 171,100 Max: 168,528 Min: 71,080

12. Translating to large differences in revenue ….. upto 9 million a month for one large consumer

13. Even among the not so large…. with an estimated difference (bet max & min) for all 100 of 64.9 million

14. Kenya Breweries (main meter) Kenya Breweries (Allsops) EP Zones IberAfrica Power (EA) Ltd Director of Aerodromes (JKIA) Nairobi Bottlers (Coca Cola) Brookside Dairies Limited Seven sites proposed based on consumption and random…..

15. Maximum and minimum readings for proposed sample

16. Proposed Solution Automated Meter Reading

17. Existing Metering Technology

18. Most common bulk meter is the woltmann meter

19. Challenges of Woltmann meters • Situation in Nairobi regarding the Woltmann meters: • Frequent stalling due to debris blocking impellors • Strainers are not existing or not maintained (periodical cleaning). • Calibration not done as recommended • Installation and flow conditioning note done as recommended • It takes time to notice meter is stalled • Limited to high flows • Affected by means of permanent magnets • Not available in metrological classes in BIS • Dial/Glass foggy eg .during rainy season • Meter reading environment not favourable to meter reader • The further use of WFM for metering of HC-consumers is not recommended.

20. Responsibility of NCWSC to determine the correct consumptions are billed – not more not less. • Accurately • Legally binding contract • As a business, it is also your responsibility to expand and grow sustainably (time and consistency). • Thus, all utility companies focus on metering as the first step in growing a sustainable business. Nairobi Water’s business is the supply and distribution of water to consumers – a Contract Dept of Weights & Measures

21. Meter Reading & Billing steps: Current System Proposed Solution Focus on consistency, accuracy and speed – customer service & growth

22. Advantages of Automatic meter reading 1) Improvement in efficiency of meter reading. 2) Reduced operating cost 3) Skipping of access problems of meter reading. 4) Estimated billing not necessary 5) Tampering of meter can be detected. 6) Back up to customer information services.

23. Ultrasonic Flow Meters Clamp-on Ultrasonic flow meter Insertion Ultrasonic flow meter Calculator with GSM/GPRS Unit Inline Flanged Ultrasonic flow meter

24. Electromagnetic flow meters Inline Flanged Electromagnetic Flow meter Insertion Electromagnetic Flow meter

25. Depending on needs, they each similarities and differences in features.

26. i) Unobstructed flow passage ii) No moving parts iii) No additional pressure drop iv) Unaffected by changes in temperature, density, viscosity, electrical conductivity v) Flow range setting can be optimised vi) Suitable for water containing suspended solids vii) Short conditioning section is required as it is insensitive to flow profile viii) Measures flow both the directions ix) Un- affected by contamination and deposit x) Minimum maintenance xi) Good linearity xii) Smaller diameter flow meter can be used on bigger diameter pipe with Full bore (Inline) Flow MeterAdvantages of full bore magnetic (Inline) flow meter

27. Open system that integrates seamlessly with common RDBMS dBase e.g. SQL, Oracle • Local integration based on NWSC requirements • System should fit seamlessly • With existing data collection system • With central billing system Interface with billing system

28. AMR • Radio • Wireless • Wi-Fi • ZigBee • GSM/GPRS Interface with billing system • Manual Reading • Existing Manual • Reading clerks • Data entry clerks • Self reading • Semi Manual Reading • Data Terminals and Loggers • Self reading via SMS NWSC Central Billing System (RDBMS)

29. Sample of meters installed with data transmission

31. Risks and Fears (for discussion) • Where has it been done • How is it working • Loss of jobs • Transmission security • Security of

32. Average cost of a meter = KShs 2million. Out of the 7 customers, we assume that KShs 15 million is lost per month We project that 2/3 of this is from commercial losses = KShs 7.5 million If we take half (KShs 3.5million per month) of this figure - Annually = 36million from the seven customers If we spend 189million changing the technology for all the 237 consumers, the money will be recouped in 5 years ROI = 1.5 years. Is the investment and return worth all the effort?

33. Thank you for your attention!