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STRESS

STRESS. Stress- any type of change that causes physical, emotional or psychological strain. However, not all types of stress are harmful or even negative Stressor- Is the actual event or cause of why someone may be experiencing stress.

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STRESS

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  1. STRESS Stress- any type of change that causes physical, emotional or psychological strain. However, not all types of stress are harmful or even negative Stressor- Is the actual event or cause of why someone may be experiencing stress. There are two different types of stress we are going to learn about. They include: • Eustress - Distress

  2. STRESS (continued) Eustress- A positive type of stress. This type of stress is associated with a rush of positive energy that is fun and exciting. Example- Skiing down a ski slope, the drop on a roller coaster

  3. STRESS (Continued) Distress: is a negative stress brought about by constant readjustments or alterations in a routine. Distress creates feelings of discomfort and unfamiliarity. * Can be chronic (lasting over a long period of time) or acute (episode to episode basis) Example- Constantly changing jobs, divorce of parents, being bullied or put down constantly

  4. Fight or Flight • Fight or Flight response is the bodies natural response to a stressor. Hormones like adrenalin and cortisol are released, speeding the heart rate, slowing digestion, shunting blood flow to major muscle groups, and changing various other autonomic nervous functions, giving the body a burst of energy and strength

  5. What may cause Stress? Job Stress Examples: School Stress Examples: Relationship Stress Examples: Financial Stress Examples:

  6. Effects of Stress • depression • diabetes • hair loss • heart disease • hyperthyroidism • obesity • obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder • sexual dysfunction • tooth and gum disease • ulcers • cancer

  7. Personality Traits that Influence Stress • Perfectionism • Type A Personality • Pessimism • External Locus of Control • Poor Communication • Addictive or Unhealthy Behaviors • Anger • Rumination and Obsessing • Distorted Thinking

  8. Expressing Emotion in Healthful Ways Think, when you express your emotions are your actions responsible? Here are some steps to express your emotions in a healthy way: • Identify the emotion (Figure out what you are feeling. Are you over excited? Depressed? Angry? Upset? Irritated? Annoyed? Restless?)

  9. Expressing your emotions in a healthful way (continued) • Identify the source (What is making you feel like this? Did somebody say something to annoy you? Did you get enough sleep? Did you just get great news?) • Do you need to respond right away? (Is it appropriate to show emotion right now? Can you deal with this emotion in an alternative way?) • How can I choose a responsible and healthful response?

  10. What can you do? PROTECT YOUR HEALTH!!! How? • Sleep: (Try to get at least 7-8 hours a night) • Exercise: (At least 30 minutes most days of the week) • Sick?- SEE A DOCTOR

  11. What may influence you to express your emotions in an unhealthy way? ANGER A feeling where are you irritated or annoyed at someone or something. Symptoms: • Rapid Breathing • Increased Heart Rate • Increased Blood Pressure • Increase in sweat • Sweaty palms

  12. Anger Symptoms Continued • Dryness of mouth • Increased Alertness • Decreased sensitivity to pain • Increased muscle strength • Tensed eyebrows • Pursed lips • Reddening of the face

  13. Depression Depression- A medical illness caused by chemical imbalance in the brain. Can affect the WHOLE body: • Thoughts • Feelings • Behaviors • Physical Health

  14. Depression *Can be caused by the inability to cope with a life crisis Life Crises- An experience that causes a high level of stress 5 emotional responses used to cope: • Denying- Not wanting to believe that this has happened to them.

  15. Depression 2. Being Angry- Being frustrated with the situation realizing that there is nothing they can do 3. Bargaining- Trying to figure out what you can do to make it better, reasoning. 4. Being depressed- Not accepting the situation, thinking there is nothing worse. 5. Accepting- Realizing that this has happened and moving on.

  16. Symptoms • Deep Sadness • Apathy- lack of interest or concern • Fatigue • Agitation-nervousness • Sleep disturbances • Weight or appetite changes • Lack of concentration • Feelings of worthlessness • Morbid thoughts

  17. Coping • Talk with a trusted adult • Stay connected with friends • Have a good sense of nutrition • Avoid the use of alcohol & other drugs • Seek help if depression continues

  18. Treatment • Physical Examination • Therapy • Medication Anidepressant – a drug used to relieve depression * Over 90% of cases of depression can be successfully treated

  19. SUICIDE Why address it? • 3rd leading cause of death for ages 15-24 • Fastest growing age group is 10-14 • Approximately 750,000 Americans attempt suicide • Approximately 30,000 people die each year

  20. Teenage Stress Factors • Abuse of alcohol or drugs • Death of parent, parent separation or divorce • Being excluded • Sexual orientation • Being made fun of • Depression • Gender identity issues

  21. Stress Factors (continued) • Depression • Gender identity issues • Impulsive and or/aggressive behavior • Mental disorder

  22. Warning Signs • Someone threatening to kill themselves • Someone looking for ways to kill themselves • 60% of all people who complete suicide use firearm • Someone talking or writing- dying/suicide • Hopelessness • Rage, uncontrolled anger, seeking revenge

  23. Warning Signs (continued) • Acting reckless or engaging in risky activities, seemingly without thinking • Increase in alcohol or drug use- 50% of people who attempt suicide are under the influence at a time • Withdraw from friends, family and society • Anxiety, agitation, unable to sleep/sleeping all the time

  24. Warning Signs (continued) • Dramatic mood changes • No reason for living; no sense of purpose in life • Giving away prized possessions • Struggling with gender identity or sexual orientation

  25. How Can You Help? STEP 1: STAY with the person- unless there is a risk of harm to yourself STEP 2: Listen- really listen STEP 3: Get, or call for help immediately- Call your parent, their parent, school counselor, pastor or rabbi or crisis hotlines

  26. It is OK to ASK for Help A- Ask for help S- Secrets can be deadly K- Keep a support circle- a group of friends and adults that make you feel comfortable

  27. Coping Strategies • Spend time with friends and family • Consider the role of spirituality in your life • Laugh, keep your sense of humor • Volunteer, you are needed • Exercise regularly • Eat Right

  28. Eating Disorders Start out as dieting to lose weight or maintain weight and progresses to a dangerous and obsessive point. Most people believe eating disorders have to do with someone wanting to control their eating or they have a problem with food, in reality they are having instability in their mental health.

  29. Behaviors of those with Eating Disorders “ I constantly compare myself with others” “I am unhappy with my physical appearance” “I wear baggy clothes to hide my body changes” “I am never satisfied with anything I do” “My parent or guardian is never satisfied with anything I do” “I felt unsafe during my childhood (from alcoholism, physical or sexual abuse in the family”

  30. “I only feel secure when I can feel that I am in control of a situation” “I do not know what to do when I feel lonely, frustrated, rejected or depressed” “I reach for food, starve, exercise, or rid myself of food when I am uncomfortable”

  31. Anorexia vs. Bulimia Anorexia Nervosa • Self Starvation • A refusal to maintain normal body weight Bulimia - Involves repeated episodes of binge eating, followed by inappropriate ways of trying to rid the body of the food or expected weight gain

  32. Anorexia • Obsessed with being thin • Fear of gaining weight • Distorted body image • Amenorrhea (missing periods- at least 3) • Keeps to themselves • Deny they have a problem, will not accept help • Starves themselves to 15% or less of desirable body weight

  33. How Anorexia is Harmful to Your Health • Dehydration and Constipation • Abdominal pain and nausea • Hormonal changes • Decrease in heart rate & blood pressure • Loss of menstruation, hair, nutrition (malnutrition) • Negative, lack of self respect- Depression

  34. Treatment for Anorexia • Team of professionals consisting of: • Physicians • Nurses • Dietitians • Mental- Health Professionals

  35. Bulimia • A disorder when one binge eats (eats a large amount of food in a short amount of time) and purges (gets rid of the food by vomiting or using laxatives or diuretics) • An estimated of 1.1 to 4.2 % of females have Bulimia in their lifetime • More common than Anorexia

  36. Bulimia (continued) Characteristics include: • Obsession with body shape and size • Negative Body Image • Missed periods in females • Knows they have a problem (feels guilty & ashamed) but will not seek help • May have a “normal” body weight- might not look like they have a problem • Usually Social

  37. Signs of Teens with Bulimia • Binge in private but eat regular amounts with others • Have one secret place ( may visit bathroom or hide in containers or wrappers) • Think about food constantly & plan each binge • Buy or steal treats • Steal money to purchase food or steal • Exercise and diet excessively between binges

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