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Social Institutions and Gender Equality Indicators and Measurement Tools

Social Institutions and Gender Equality Indicators and Measurement Tools. Denis Drechsler Johannes P. Jütting OECD Development Centre Rome  December 2007. OECD’s Knowledge Centre on Development. A bridge between …. OECD members and partners Research and policy Policy communities

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Social Institutions and Gender Equality Indicators and Measurement Tools

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  1. Social Institutions and Gender EqualityIndicators and Measurement Tools Denis Drechsler Johannes P. Jütting OECD Development Centre Rome  December 2007

  2. OECD’s Knowledge Centre on Development A bridge between … • OECD members and partners • Research and policy • Policy communities • Different actors: private, public, etc.

  3. Gender Equality: Intrinsic and instrumental values One of the Millennium Development Goals A neglected driver for economic growth A double dividend for OECD countries More sustainable growthin non-OECD countries

  4. SocialInstitutions Gender equality has many dimensions… …and also involves social institutions Health and Wellbeing EducationalAttainment Political Empowerment Economic Participation Traditional Building Blocks of Gender Equality

  5. The OECD Data Base on Gender GID-DB The OECD Gender, Institutions and Development Data Base …and its innovation: Data on Social Institutions

  6. What are social institutions? • Social institutions include norms, traditions and family law • They may arguably be the most important determinants of gender equality: • They have generally been in existence for centuries; • They are extremely difficult to change; and • They frequently override formal laws and regulations • They are difficult to identify and measure

  7. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Traditions Family Law Economic Participationand Opportunity e.g. labour force participation Political Empowerment, e.g. voting rights Educational Attainmente.g. literacy rates Health and Survival, e.g. life expectancy Religious Practices Social Norms How do social institutions fit in? Gender Equality

  8. Social Institutions Variables Family Code Physical Integrity Civil Liberties Ownership Rights • Early marriage • Polygamy • Parental authority • Inheritance • Female genital mutilation • Violence against women • Missing women • Freedom ofmovement • Obligation to wear a veil in public • Access to land • Access to bankloans • Access toproperty 12 innovative variables

  9. High discrimination in social institutions Elevated discrimination in social institutions Low discrimination in social institutions Country not included Gender inequality in social institutions

  10. …not necessarily associated with per capita income Scale: 0 (minimum) to 1 (maximum) = level of discrimination through social institutions Source: GID Database

  11. Social institutions and women in paid employment

  12. Challenges to better data and measurement tools • Dealing with various sources (international, national, non-governmental…) • Confusion of policy makers? Proliferation of composite indicators • What’s missing: • Involvement of citizens – bottom-up approach • Making statistics more attractive

  13. The GID Data Base on Swivel

  14. Data, explanations, comments…

  15. …and specialised user groups

  16. Next step:

  17. For more information: www.oecd.org/dev/gender

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