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Welcome to Cell Biology!

Welcome to Cell Biology!. it's alive!. Cell Theory. 2.1: Outline the Cell Theory 2.1.2: Discuss the Evidence for Cell Theory. Cell Theory. Living organisms are composed of cells Cells are the smallest unit of life

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Welcome to Cell Biology!

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  1. Welcome to Cell Biology! • it's alive!

  2. Cell Theory • 2.1: Outline the Cell Theory • 2.1.2: Discuss the Evidence for Cell Theory

  3. Cell Theory • Living organisms are composed of cells • Cells are the smallest unit of life • Cells come from pre-existing cells, by division (so that new cells cannot be constructed from non living substance)

  4. The History of Cell Theory Let’s meet who discovered cells… Meet the Scientists...

  5. 1. All living things are made of cells… Digestive Tissue Goblet Cells http://www.olympusmicro.com/galleries/abramowitz/index.html 6.11.12

  6. How do we know that all living things are made of cells? Because we can SEE them through microscopes….

  7. When we we first start talking about ‘Cells’? Robert Hooke coined the term ‘cells’ since he felt that the space-filled chambers of dead cork resembled a monk’s empty cell…

  8. Cell Theory: Robert Hooke Micrographia, 1665: . . . I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular. . . . these pores, or cells, . . . were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this. . .

  9. The Father of Microscopy: Van Leeuwenhoek The first man to visualise single-celled animals (he called protistsanimacules): 1674 Microscopy bytes

  10. Nothing smaller can survive independently If a cell is broken down into its individual components, its subunits cannot survive independently

  11. 3.All cells come from pre-existing cells: ‘Omnis Cellula e cellula‘ • Disproving spontaneous generation • Pasteur

  12. Limitations to cell theory

  13. Limitations 1: There are many unicellular organisms • Mobile amoeba Primitive unicellular organisms carry out all of the functions of life • Prostista • Paramecium • Amoebae • Giant amoebae!

  14. Limitations to cell theory: multinucleated cells (syncytiae) • Skeletal and cardiac muscle

  15. Limitations to cell theory: multinucleated cells (syncytiae) Fungal hyphae (phase contrast microscopy)

  16. How large are cells? Let's put things into perspective....

  17. What units do we use to measure cells and cell components?

  18. Size is relative….

  19. How do microscopes work? • Anatomy of vision

  20. Magnification and scale bars • You will often need to calculate the actual size of a specimen/ component of a cell from a microscope image, or a photograph/micrograph • The first step is to ensure that all parts of your calculation have the same units!! Magnification = size of image actual size of specimen

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