The New England Colonies

1. The New England Colonies Chapter 4 Section 1

2. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • The Puritans lead the migration to Massachusetts in the 1630’s. • The Puritans unlike the Pilgrims did not want to separated completely from the Church of England. • What did the Puritans want instead?

3. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • The Puritans were a very powerful group in England even though many of them were simple farmers. • Why were they so powerful? • Who disapproved the Puritan ideas? • As a result he canceled Puritan business charters and even had a few Puritans jailed.

4. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • By 1629, Puritan leaders were convinced that England had enter what? • They persuaded royal officials to grant them a charter to form the Massachusetts Bay Company. • What was the new society laws suppose to be based on? • Who thought that this new society would set an example for the world?

5. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • Some settlers joined the Massachusetts colonist for economic rather than religious reasons. • What did Massachusetts offer new comers? • In 1629, the Puritans sent a small group of people in advance. • The next year John Winthrop and more than 1,000 Puritans arrived.

6. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • Who was the 1st governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony? • The colonist were not content because under the charter only stockholders who had invested money into the Massachusetts Bay Company had the right to vote. Most settlers were not stockholders. • They resented taxes and laws passed by a government in which they had no say.

7. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • Winthrop and other Puritan leaders wanted things to go smoothly but they did not want non Puritans to have any say in the government. As a result they granted all men who were church members the right to vote. • Later the church members also elected representatives to assemble what?

8. The Puritans Leave England for Massachusetts • Did the colony under Winthrop prosper? • Between 1629 and 1640, 15,000 men, women, and children journeyed from England to Massachusetts. • What was this movement called? • Where did the new comers settle?

9. Problems in Massachusetts Bay Connecticut • Puritans did not like others to question their beliefs or their government. Many times those that would were forced to leave the colony. • In May 1636 a Puritan minister Thomas Hooker led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay. • Heading west they followed Indian Tails and cut forests moving cattle, goats, and pigs. • When they reached the Connecticut River what did they do?

10. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • Hooker left Massachusetts because he believed that the governor and other officials had too much power. He wanted to set up a colony with strict limits on the government. • What was the name of the plan they made? • This plan created a government like that of Massachusetts but two things were different. • 1st it gave the right to vote to all men who were property owners, including those who were not church members.

11. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • 2nd it limited the governor’s power. • What did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut expand? • When did Connecticut become a colony?

12. Problems in Massachusetts Bay Rhode Island • Roger Williams another Puritan also challenged the Massachusetts Bay governor. • Williams believed that the Puritan church in Massachusetts had too much power. He believed that church and the government should be separated.

13. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • Williams believed that the role of the government was to maintain order and peace. • He believe that the involvement of the church in the government would corrupt the church. • He did not believe that the Puritan leaders had the right top force people to attend religious services.

14. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • Williams was a big believer in ReligiousTolerance. • In 1635, the General Court order Williams to leave Massachusetts Bay. • Where did he believe that he would be sent? • Williams fled to what bay? Who did he spend the winter with?

15. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • In the spring of 1636, the Indians sold him land for a settlement. • A few years later he established the English colony Rhode Island. • In Rhode Island, Williams put into practice what? • He allowed freedom of religion for all Protestants, Jews, and Catholics.

16. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • There was not state church nor any requirements that the settlers attend church. • He also gave all white men the right to vote. • What did other settlers do when they saw how free Rhode Island was?

17. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • Among those who left for Rhode Island was Anne Hutchinson. She was a devout Puritan, however she began to question some of the minister’s teachings with her friends. • She began to convince others and the leader grew angry. • What did the leaders believe?

18. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • They also said that a woman did not have the right to explain God’s Law. • In November of 1637, Hutchinson was ordered to appear before the General Court. • Winthrop and other leaders asked her questions and each time she weakened their arguments.

19. Problems in Massachusetts Bay • Were they able to prove that she had broken any Puritan laws? • What was Hutchinson’s big mistake? Why? • In 1638, Hutchinson, along with family and friends went to Rhode Island. • What did Anne Hutchinson become later on to Americans?

20. Puritans at War With Native Americans • Settlers fanned out along the coastal region and in 1680 the king made these settlements a separate colony called New Hampshire. • As more settlers settled in New England they began to take over Native American lands. • By 1670, nearly 45,000 English settlers were living in the towns in New England.

21. Puritans at War With Native Americans • As a result, fighting broke out between white settlers and Indian nations of the region. • When was the largest conflict? • What was the other name King Philip had? • Metacom attacked villages throughout New England. Other Indian tribes in Rhode Island and in Maine also joined the attacks.

22. Puritans at War With Native Americans • How many towns did the tribes destroy? • How many people were killed? • What happened after a year? • What did the English settlers do to Metacom’s family and other Indians?

23. Life in New England Towns and Villages • What as the center of every village? • Define Sabbath. • What were the Puritans not allowed to do on Sundays? • What did the law require? • Describe where women, men, blacks, and Indians were during church.

24. Life in New England Towns and Villages • During town meeting settlers discussed and voted on many issues. Like? • Puritan laws were strict. About 15 crimes were punishable by death. For example, witch craft. • In 1692, Puritans in Salem Village, executed 20 men and women as witches.

25. Life in New England Towns and Villages • New England was difficult for the settlers. Farming was hard. Why? How did the English overcome this obstacle? • Settlers hunted wild turkey and deer. They also cut down trees and floated them to sawmills near ports such as _______ or______. • Other settlers fished for cod and halibut. In the 1600’s settlers began to hunt whales. What did whales supply?

26. Life in New England Towns and Villages • During the 1700’s Puritan tradition began to decline. Less and less families left England to the colonies. Ministers had less control over the colonies and thus less influence on the manner in which they were governed. • What did the Puritans stamp on the New England colonies?