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Initiating Devices

Initiating Devices. Manual Fire Alarm Boxes Ionization Smoke Detectors Photoelectric Smoke Detectors Duct Detectors Heat Detectors Waterflow Switches Supervisory Switches. Spot Type Smoke Detector Placement.

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Initiating Devices

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  1. Initiating Devices • Manual Fire Alarm Boxes • Ionization Smoke Detectors • Photoelectric Smoke Detectors • Duct Detectors • Heat Detectors • Waterflow Switches • Supervisory Switches

  2. Spot Type Smoke Detector Placement • The layout of detectors should account for various factors in predicting detector response to anticipated fires: • Ceiling shape and surface • Ceiling height (reduction factors - • Configuration of contents in the protected area • Combustion characteristics and probable equivalence ratio of the anticipated fires ­involving the fuel loads within the protected area • Compartment ventilation • Ambient temperature, pressure, altitude, humidity, and atmosphere

  3. Spot Type Smoke Detector Placement • NFPA 72: 17.7.3.2 • 30 foot spacing (maximum) • Closest distance to a wall is 4” • NFPA 72: 17.7.3.2.3.5: For smooth ceilings, all points should have a detector within a distance of .7S • S= Listedspacing • When a manufacturer, through its own testing and research program, publishes a specific spacing recommendation that is different from the 30 ftNFPA spacing, that spacing recommendation becomes an enforceable part of the NFPA Code.

  4. Heat Sensing Detectors • NFPA 72: 17.6 • Classifications • Markings • Spacing • Heat detectors shall not exceed their listed spacing and there shall be a detector within 1/2 times the listed spacing at right angles all walls, partitions, etc. • All points on the ceiling shall have a detector within .7 times the listed spacing (.7S) • Ceiling Height reduction factors for certain types of detectors

  5. Manual Fire Alarm Boxes • NFPA 72: 17.14 • Mounting location on wall requirements • Height, distance to exit • Maximum travel distances

  6. Alarm Notification Appliances • Bells • Horns • Chimes • Strobes • Speakers • NFPA 72: Chapter 18 • For your case study, recommend a notification system but you do not have to recommend placement of horns, strobes, etc.

  7. Supervisory Signal-Initiating Devices • Building Temp • Site Water Temp • Site Water Level • Fire Pump Power • Fire Pump Running • Fire Pump Auto Position • Fire Pump or Pump Controller Trouble • Fire Pump Running • Generator in Auto Position • Generator or Controller Trouble • Switch Transfer • Generator Engine Running

  8. SYSTEM POWER SUPPLIES • Primary Supplies • Requirements for Voltage and Amps • Over current Protection • Secondary Power Supply Options • Second line • Generators • Battery

  9. Emergency or Standby System • Used as a backup to primary power supply, instead of using a secondary power supply • Examples: • Battery

  10. SUPERVISING STATION MONITORING • Alarm Signal • Alarm Restoration • Trouble Signal • Trouble Signal Restoration • Supervisory Signal • Supervisory Restoration

  11. NFPA 72: Chapter 10: Inspection and Maintenance • Inspection Frequencies • NFPA 72 establishes the frequency of inspection and testing • Initial installation • Monthly: Supervising station receivers (ie: DACT test signals), batteries • Quarterly: Supervisory signal equipment • Semi-annually • Annually: Initiating devices, supervisory station equipment

  12. Test Methods • NFPA has established methods for testing components of a fire alarm system • Lights • Fuses • Power supplies • Batteries • Initiating devices • Notification devices • Transmission equipment

  13. Service Personnel Conducting Tests and Inspections • Service personnel shall be qualified and experienced in the inspection, testing, and maintenance of fire alarm systems. • Examples of qualified personnel shall be permitted to include, but shall not be limited to, individuals with the following qualifications: • (1) Factory trained and certified • (2) National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies fire alarm certified • (3) International Municipal Signal Association fire alarm certified • (4) Certified by a state or local authority • (5) Trained and qualified personnel employed by an organization listed by a national testing laboratory for the servicing of fire alarm systems

  14. Maintenance • Fire alarm system equipment shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

  15. Permanent Records • A set of reproducible as-built installation drawings, operation and maintenance manuals, and a written sequence of operation shall be provided to the building owner or the owner’s designated representative. • For software-based systems, a copy of the site-specific software shall be provided to the owner or owner’s designated representative. • The owner shall be responsible for maintaining these records for the life of the system for examination by any authority having jurisdiction. • Paper or electronic media shall be permitted.

  16. Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing Records • Records shall be retained until the next test and for 1 year thereafter

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