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High Speed Rail in India Path ahead

High Speed Rail in India Path ahead. By A.K. Dutta , Director/Infrastructure, DFCCIL B. S. Bodh , GM/ Electrical, DFCCIL. HSR In India. WHY ? WHERE ? WHEN ? HOW ?. Critical initiatives. Planning policy √ Route /OD identification √ Finance ?

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High Speed Rail in India Path ahead

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  1. High Speed Rail in IndiaPath ahead By A.K. Dutta, Director/Infrastructure, DFCCIL B. S. Bodh, GM/ Electrical, DFCCIL DFCCIL

  2. HSR In India • WHY ? • WHERE ? • WHEN ? • HOW ? DFCCIL

  3. Critical initiatives • Planning policy √ • Route /OD identification √ • Finance ? • technology ? DFCCIL

  4. Sustainability /viability • Case studies • DMRC • Air port express • Connectivity • Mega cities ---MDCK • Medium distance up to 700 km • Dispersed daily demand • User Affordability DFCCIL

  5. Scenario World wide • HSR : Already a reality in Spain, France, Germany, China, Japan, Taiwan etc. • China: Incredible growth • 2007 to 2011 - 8358 km • On 26th Dec 2012 commissioned longest HSR route • Length - 2298 km • Average speed of - 300 kmph • Stops - 35 stops. DFCCIL

  6. DFCCIL Source: UIC report Nov 2011; carbon foot print of high speed rail

  7. HIGH SPEED LINES IN WORLD DFCCIL Source: UIC report Nov 2011; carbon foot print of high speed rail

  8. World's longest high-speed rail route Beijing to Guangzhou opened on December 26 2012 DFCCIL

  9. WHY? DFCCIL

  10. Why HSR ? • Speedy, reliable & affordable transport system as an alternative to air travel for distances 500-1500 km • Generate capacity more than air • As national pride; join international club of HSR network. • Modern age needs; transportation which are • Sustainable, • Energy efficient & • having low carbon emission DFCCIL

  11. Why India needs HSR? • To boost Uniform development of the country • Impact on regional development • To create more business & job opportunities in tier II cities. • To minimize migration to megacities. • Encourage tourism industry. • To meet demand for fast and convenient travel due to growth in Economy. DFCCIL

  12. Why Indian Railways should introduce HSR? • Saturated freight & passenger services . • Existing network (local, regional, mid-distance and long distance) has limited capacity to carry more traffic ; cater to growth in population and economy. • Higher speed trains will reduce line capacity for local and regional Express trains as well as for Freight trains. • Too many bottlenecks on existing routes to provide sustained high speed connectivity. DFCCIL

  13. WHERE? DFCCIL

  14. Selection of corridor • It is an important first step for any HSR project • Preferably radial from mega cities. • Demography: Population & its distribution • Demand • Environmental issues • Entries & exit issues to metros & other mega cities : critical for any HSR DFCCIL

  15. Selection of corridor • IR Vision 2020 document has identified following corridors • Delhi-Chandigarh-Amritsar (450km) • Pune-Mumbai-Ahmedabad (650km) • Delhi-Agra-Lucknow-Varanasi-Patna (991km) • Hyderabad-Dornakal-Vijawada-Chennai (664km) • Chennai-Bangalore-Coimbatore-TVC (649km) • Howrah-Haldia (135km) • To be finalized based upon sound cost benefit and social impact analysis. DFCCIL

  16. DFCCIL

  17. HOW? DFCCIL

  18. IR- Way forward • To develop existing indentified routes for 160-200 kmph :up gradation possible. • New high speed network required for sustained higher speeds i.e. 300kmph and above. • Compete with air • Also serve mid distance cities, not practical with air. • Reduce carbon footprint DFCCIL

  19. Up gradation of existing routes to160-200 kmph • Alignment- fencing, speed restriction, level crossing, trespassing • Track & bridge not designed for 200 kmph as yet. • Light weight high speed rolling stock design • Signaling improvements required • Power supply strengthening & improvements of OHE dynamics. • Better alternative for few routes like Delhi – Agra without much investment * In operation over German, UK, French & European Railways DFCCIL

  20. Creation of new routes for 300 plus kmph • Elevated alignment preferred for India, no trespassing, no level crossing etc. • Least ROW required. • New design rolling stock • New cab signaling for speed guidance for next stop to driver. • High capacity traction power supply > 1.2 MVA/ RKM • New high speed OHE for minimum contact loss ratio. DFCCIL

  21. How to achieve successful HSR? • Terminals : easily accessible • Connectivity : Smooth transfer for the first & last mile via other rail/ road transport. • Track Alignment: elevated/surface • Track Gauge: BG/Standard DFCCIL

  22. How to choose proper alignment • For minimum transit time, alignment should be as straight as possible. • Surface alignment requires fencing • Social obligation has impeded development of Delhi Agra route for 180-200 kmph couple of decades ago. • Elevated alignment preferred for India, no trespassing, no level crossing etc. leaving local community undisturbed. • Least land for ROW required. DFCCIL

  23. WHICH? DFCCIL

  24. Which technology? • Electric traction system ; 25 kV AT feeding system. • Signaling : Cab; for speed guidance of next stop to driver. • Rolling stock : light weight, new design / tilting bogies • Operation : Automatic train control system. DFCCIL

  25. Electric traction system • High adhesion requirements for sustained high speed. • Expected power density >1.2 MVA/Km. • Power required per train would be about 8-15 MW. • From voltage drop, reliability & sustainability point of view, 25kV AT feeding system is only alternative. DFCCIL

  26. Electric traction system • All countries worldwide are adopting 2 x25 kV system for their high speed & heavy haul systems. • OHE design to ensure minimum contact loss ratio, smooth OHE pantograph interaction. • Neutral section negotiability DFCCIL

  27. Energy Efficient System • To negotiate varying gradients & curvatures at high speed • System to be designed to ensure Passenger comfort & minimize • Energy consumption • Green house gas emission DFCCIL

  28. Energy Efficient System DFCCIL

  29. Carbon foot print Source : UIC carbon foot print of high sped rail. Nov 2011. DFCCIL

  30. TERMINALS • To be designed with a vision • Easy accessibility to people • Access & transit time significantly lower than air DFCCIL

  31. New HSR terminal opened in Turin portanouva, Italy with metro & regional connectivity recently Turin Porta High Speed New Terminal DFCCIL

  32. SAFETY • Needs Higher standards • Accidents have severe impact & attract international criticism. • Lesson from high speed accidents • Germany : ICE : 200kmph • China: Hanchou : 350 kmph • Reduced the train speeds temporarily on their HSR • Revamped their internal safety organization; Especially trained internal qualified Safety Inspectors introduced. • Appointed independent safety assessor to recommend safe operation of their high speed trains. • . DFCCIL

  33. ICE accident DFCCIL

  34. Passenger comfort DFCCIL

  35. WHEN? DFCCIL

  36. Implementation challenges • Long gestation project • Needs co operation from stakeholders & local govt. • Cost optimization in design construction and maintenance methodology required. • Favorable Land acquisition bill required. DFCCIL

  37. Commercial Challenge -Funding • WILL at all levels • Funding models to be finalized. • Model 1: Govt. as Financier, Developer, Owner, Operator • Model 2 : Operation only with private • Model 3 : PPP “: possible mix of public & private parties. • Model 4: Soft tied funding: World Bank/ ADB/Japan. • Model 5 : Based upon review of financial models being adopted for HSR/Heavy haul rail projects worldwide. DFCCIL

  38. STEPS PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH SPEED LINE • Feasibility studies • Preliminary project report • Administrative approval of the Govt • Corridor identification • Finalization of route choice • Clearance of various Ministries • Preliminary project design DFCCIL

  39. CONCLUSIONS • HSR has a large latent demand in India & is superior for distance up to 1500 kms. • It is energy efficient, reliable, sustainable & low carbon emission alternative to air. • First section for HSR should be immediately taken up so as to formalize the parameters DFCCIL

  40. CONCLUSIONS • HSR project will need • Political vision • Full co operation from stakeholders, Govt. agencies, • Collective will & skill of people of India. • Sustainable funding solutions Hope to see HSR a reality in India by 1st Feb 2023 (in 10 years) DFCCIL

  41. Acknowledgment • Special thanks to ShriA.A.Sahay, IRSEE-1958 batch • for his input to the paper • based upon his vast experience of over 50 plus years on IR & foreign railway systems DFCCIL

  42. Thanks for Your attention DFCCIL

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