G.V.V. Sarma Joint Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India

1. G.V.V. Sarma Joint Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India

2. Disaster (As per DM Act, 2005) Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence affecting any area from natural and manmade causes, or by accident or negligence, which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of property, or damage to, or degradation of environment and is of such a nature and magnitude as to be beyond the capacity of the community of the affected areas. 2

3. Disaster events (1900-2009)

4. Hazard Vulnerability in India 12% 68% 59% 3% 8%

5. Major Losses in India due to Disasters ( 2001-2013)

6. Disaster Management Act,2005 # Institutional Mechanism - • NDMA, SDMA, DDMA • NEC,SEC • NDRF #Financial Arrangements- • National Disaster Response Fund, State Disaster Response Fund and District Disaster Response Fund • National Disaster Mitigation Fund & similar such fund at state and district levels • Capacity Building Grant • Response Reserve (to be created) # Capacity Development- NIDM Other institutions: • Civil Defence • Fire Services • Home Guards

7. Disaster Management Policy, Plans and Guidelines • National Policy on Disaster Management, 2009 • National Action Plan on Climate Change-Issued by MOEF • Drought Manual –Prepared jointly by MOA/ NIDM and issued by MOA. • Guidelines- 26 guidelines issued by NDMA. (www.ndma.gov.in) • National Disaster Management Plan( Cleared by NEC, to be finalised by NDMA) • State and District Disaster Management Plans

8. Guidelines on Preparedness and Response (Checklist for preparedness ) • Vulnerability assessment • Dissemination of warning • Emergency Response activities • Coordination • Rapid Damage Assessment • Maintenance of essential services • Stocking of essential commodities • Medicines • Drinking water • Shelter/Camps • Community participation • Evacuation Plan • Activating EOCs • Search & Rescue Teams • Communication • Identification of Nodal Officer • Status of SDRF • Preparedness Drill

9. Mitigation and Prevention Mainstreaming DRR in development strategy- Planning Commission • Constitution of a Working Group for inclusion of DRR measures in the 12th Five Year Plan • Flexi Funds:- The Ministry of Finance has given detailed guidelines by their circular dated 6th January 2014 on earmarking 10% of funds of centrally sponsored releases as ‘Flexi Fund’, part of which can be utilised for disaster mitigation or for restorations works activities according to the State specific need. Such mainstreaming plan provision would address the issue appropriately to supplement the efforts of the affected State at some degree. Self Certification/ DM Audit mechanism in all Centrally sponsored schemes- Ministry of Finance • All the major public infrastructure projects are to be subjected to disaster impact analysis and adopt hazard resistant construction technology to ensure structural safety against natural hazards.

10. Hazard Specific Mitigation Projects • National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project –under implementation in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh (Phase-I) ; Phase II being planned for Kerala, Gujarat, West Bengal and Maharashtra • National Earthquake Risk Mitigation Project - Under implementation on a pilot basis • Strengthening of Fire Services – Being finalised • Flood Management Programme : Ministry of Water Resources • Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project : Ministry of Environment and Forests

11. Technological inputs Nodal agencies for forecasting and early warning dissemination

12. Preparedness and Response • IDRN • Advance procurement of material and equipment • Early warning of different disasters • Identification of potential hazard • Dissemination of early warning • Evacuation • Emergency Communication Plan - to provide last mile connectivity • NEOC/ SEOCs/DEOCs for effective coordination during disaster response • Nodal Ministries/Departments for forecasting of various Disasters

13. Preparednes (Contd) Response Mechanism: • Cabinet committee on management of Natural Calamities • National Crisis Management Committee • NEC • State Government -SEC -DDMA -Sub-district Administration (SDM/Tehsildar, PRIs, ULBs, police, civil defence, fire services, home guards, NCC, NYK, Red Cross and civil society organisations) • NDR Force • SDR Force

14. Financial Arrangements (Over 5 years) Grants: 13th Finance commission- SDRF : Rs. 33, 581 Crore NDRF : Rs 17,360 Crore Capacity Building Grant : Rs. 525 Crore Disaster Response Reserve: Rs. 250 Crore- to be constituted Revamping of Fire Services (` 87519 crore to ULBs),apportion of which available for Fire Services. Plan Schemes- • Strengthening of Fire and Emergency Services Rs. 700 crore • Revamping of Civil Defence Rs. 300 crore Non Plan Scheme- • Financial Assistance to ATIs/other training institutes ( @30 Lakhs/per institute)/@ 25 lakh/centre of Excellence Externally Aided Projects: • GOI-UNDP DRR Programme - (MHA/NDMA) • NCRMP ( Rs.1496.71 Crore) - (NDMA/Odisha & AP) • GOI-USAID DMS Project - (MHA/NIDM/Trg. Institutes)

15. Capacity Development • Institutional arrangements for capacity development at National and state level. (NIDM, Disaster Management Centers in the states, NCDC, NFSC, NDRF). • Efforts are made to mainstream Capacity Development strategies in most of the ministries and Government department at National, State and District Level • National Disaster Management Programme • Capacity Building Grant under 13th Finance Commission

16. Key issues Priority during 'non-disaster' phase Clearance of old liabilities Inventory management Maintenance of equipment Inter-institutional coordination Operationalisation of EOCs Community involvement Role of PRIs and ULBs Dealing with media

17. Issues to be addressed Institutional Strengthening • Strengthening of SDMA and DDMAs • Strengthening capacities of Panchayat and local bodies • Strengthening of Centre for Disaster Management • 24 X 7 functional Emergency Operation Centers (EOC) to be functional. State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) • Earmarking Battalion/Team or raising new force for the purpose. • Training of the SDRF in coordination with NDRF • Use of Capacity Building Grant for Training of SDRF as per the Guidelines • Associating Civil Defence, Fire Services, Home Guards

18. Issues to be addressed regarding NDR Fund • State Memorandum to be submitted when the SDRF is inadequate to meet the immediate relief • Recourse to NDRF only in case of disaster of severe nature • Memorandum to be submitted in consolidated format with supporting documents /evidences • Memorandum to be submitted only for relief and immediate restoration. Long term or medium term recovery measures to be financed through other Plan schemes of the States • CAG observations to be noted for future • For accessing grant under the Capacity Building Grant awarded by 13th Finance Commission, annual work-plan and utilisation to be finalized by the states by 15th June

19. Challenges in Disaster Response • Early Warning Systems of IMD has predicted the strength, movement of the cyclone ‘Phailin’ along with possible location of landfall with precision almost 3 days in advance. This has helped the authorities to take preemptive measures to reduce casualties. • Telecommunication infrastructure can be damaged during any disaster. Back-up arrangements need to be in place, like Satellite phones for communication during disaster phase. Telecommunication companies may also arrange adequate number of mobile BTS towers for immediately restoring the telecommunication facilities in the aftermath of disaster.

20. Challenges in Disaster Response--contd • In ecologically vulnerable tourist areas, there can be a system to register/regulate the tourists, so that people can be effectively traced in disasters • Organised and trained State Disaster Response Force has helped in tackling any disasters • Equipping fire service as multi-disaster responders • The Central/State Governments due to limited resources are not able to fully compensate the losses suffered by the affected people. Therefore, there is need to explore risk transfer arrangements like insurance.

21. Thank You