Chapter 12.2: The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance

1. Chapter 12.2:The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance Global Studies I

2. Key Terms • humanisman intellectual movement of the Renaissance that was based on the study of the ancient Greek and Roman classics • frescopainting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints

3. Italian Renaissance Humanism • Why is Petrarch called the father of Italian Renaissance humanism? • Began the humanist emphasis on using pure classical Latin • Intellectual life was a life of solitude

4. Italian Renaissance Humanism • How did Humanism change in the early 1400s? • New interest in civic life • Duty of intellectuals to live active lives • Study of humanities should be used to serve the state

5. Vernacular Literature • What two authors made vernacular literature popular in the 14th century? • Dante • Italian author • Divine Comedy, story of the soul’s journey to salvation • Chaucer • English author • The Canterbury Tales, collection of short stories told by a group of 29 pilgrims on their way to the tomb of Saint Thomas à Becket at Canterbury

6. Education in the Renaissance • How did a humanist education prepare a student for life? • Enabled individuals to reach their full potential. • According to humanists, what is the purpose of a liberal education? • To produce individuals who would act with virtue and wisdom.

7. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • How did Renaissance paintings differ from medieval paintings? • Medieval paintings were flat and lifeless; in Renaissance paintings, perspective gave the illusion of depth and individual people were realistically portrayed

8. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy Masaccio. The Crucifixion of St. Peter. The Beheading of St. John the Baptist.

9. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Donatello • Realistic, free-standing stautes • Donatello, David, 1430 – 32. XXX

10. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Filippo Brunelleschi • Created architecture to fit human, not divine, needs • Brunelleschi, Dome of Florence Cathedral, 1414 – 36.

11. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Three artistic giants are associated with this period: • Leonardo da Vinci • Raphael • Michelangelo

12. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Leonardo da Vinci • Mastered the art of realistic painting • Dissected human bodies to see how they worked • Goal was to create idealized forms that would show the perfection of nature and the individual

13. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper, 1495.

14. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Raphael • Tried to achieve ideal beauty • Well-known for madonnas (paintings of the Virgin Mary) and frescoes in the Vatican Palace

15. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy Raphael.The School of Athens. 1509.

16. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy • Michelangelo • Accomplished painter, sculptor, and architect • Famous figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel show an ideal type of human being with perfect proportions

17. The Artistic Renaissance in Italy The Creation of Adam. Michelangelo. 1508-1512. Censored

18. The Northern Artistic Renaissance • How did the technique of Northern Renaissance painters differ from those of the Italian Renaissance? • Realistic portrayal of the world • Masters at painting details • Why was Jan van Eyck’s use of oil painting significant? • Enabled him to use a wide variety of colors to create fine details

19. The Northern Artistic Renaissance • The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin, 1435, Jan Van Eyck

20. Organizing Your Thoughts • Architecture • Inspired by classical Rome • Churches created to fit human, not divine needs • Sculpture • Studied and copied the statues of Greeks and Romans • Realistic, free-standing figures

21. Organizing Your Thoughts • Painting • Laws of perspective, which helped them create the illusion of three dimensions • Depth • People portrayed realistically • High Renaissance • Went beyond realism • Idealized forms that showed perfection of nature and the individual