Plantations can meet global demand for wood commodities

2. Solutions lie in increasing opportunities to reduce pressures and build conservation economies • Planted forests can meet global demand for wood. • 70% of global wood supply comes from purpose planted trees which are less than 7% of the global forest estate • Manufactured composite wood products dominate the market • Global demand for wood and paper is flat due to increased efficiencies and changing consumption Solutions lie in using emerging opportunities to reduce pressures & build conservation economies • Plantations can meet global demand for wood commodities • 70% global wood supply comes already comes from plantations which are ~7% of total global forests estate • Manufactured composite wood products dominate. • Demand for wood and pulp flat due to increasing efficiencies and changing patterns of consumption

3. influencing Global demand • Customers in the north consume three quarters of the world’s solid wood and two thirds of its paper • Big Box retailers like Walmart and Ikea are expanding in size and global reach and changing the rules of global timber supply chains • There is a much greater role for consumer pressure in the North to influence environmental outcomes in the south. Solutions lie in using emerging opportunities to reduce pressures & build conservation economies • Plantations can meet global demand for wood commodities • 70% global wood supply comes already comes from plantations which are ~7% of total global forests estate • Manufactured composite wood products dominate. • Demand for wood and pulp flat due to increasing efficiencies and changing patterns of consumption

4. influencing Global demand • Northern retailers are introducing sustainability practices • Walmart has a plan to reduce the growth of its carbon footprint by 150% over the next 5 years – 90% of which will be achieved by requiring changes from its suppliers • The power of a ‘primary forest free’ brand – is there a role for IUCN? • Greater international co-operation and regulation to prohibit trade in illegally logged wood An Australian project demonstrates that change is possible Solutions lie in using emerging opportunities to reduce pressures & build conservation economies • In an Australian first, a group of private landholders in Tasmania have relinquished their right to log their native forests in return for income based on avoided emissions from stopping logging. • The projects cover 25,000 hectares of forest and generates more than 200,000 verified carbon units for sale. • The return to landholders averages $A9.00 per credit. • All the projects make a significant contribution to the protection of rare and endangered species like the Tasmanian devil and have significant social benefits. • The project has been verified under the VCS, NCOS and CCB standards. • Plantations can meet global demand for wood commodities • 70% global wood supply comes already comes from plantations which are ~7% of total global forests estate • Manufactured composite wood products dominate. • Demand for wood and pulp flat due to increasing efficiencies and changing patterns of consumption 4 4 4

5. Build a conservation economy around primary forest protection • Climate funds • 2. Payment for ecosystem services • 3. Non-wood forest products • 4. Conservation management • 5. Eco-cultural tourism 5

6. Climate Policy and Forest Protection • Approaches to REDD and LULUCF will determine the success or failure of forest based climate solutions . • Climate policy and rules must differentiate between • Primary forests, re-growth forests and • plantations. • Forest based climate mitigation strategies • must prioritise primary forest protection. • Restoring degraded natural forests could • help take the pressure off primary • forests. • Given the potential for perverse outcomes it is • questionable whether REDD funds should subsidise better logging • practices or promote HWP as preferable carbon storage. 6 6

7. An Australian project demonstrates that change is possible • In an Australian first, a group of private landholders in Tasmania have relinquished their right to log their native forests in return for income based on avoided emissions from stopping logging • The projects cover 25,000 hectares of forest and generates more than 200,000 verified carbon units for sale. • The return to landholders averages $A9.00 per credit. • All the projects make a significant contribution to the protection of rare and endangered species like the Tasmanian devil and have significant social benefits. • The project has been verified under the VCS, NCOS and CCB standards. 7 7 7

8. And in Brazil the Australian Model is being explored • The potential project area covers forests in the Amazonas in areas where land title is not disputed. • Interested partners in project development include the Amazonas State Centre for Climate Change, the Institute for the Conservation and Sustainable Development of Amazonas and the Australian company Redd Forests. • Funding is now being sought to conduct a feasibility study including consultation with landowners within the potential project areas. • The project aims to avoid emissions from preventing logging in areas of primary forest. 8 8 8

9. IUCN approach to offsets • Congress Emissions offset through forest restoration and protection project in Sabah, Borneo • Covers 12,000 hectares of planned 25,000 • Is based on verified avoided emissions • Includes a range of restoration activities • Includes prevention of re-logging • IUCN should and could help driveand showcase • REDD best practice…..avoided emissions through • Primary forest protection with direct and multiple • benefits to local communities. 9

10. Improved Governance and Benefit Sharing? • Fund based capacity building for REDD has the potential • to leverage: • legal reform and improved transparency • improved monitoring, verification and • reporting • Meaningful participation of indigenous and • local people in decision making • AND fair and equitable benefit sharing 10 10 10

11. Solutions lie in new approaches to protection • Land tenure does not have to change to protect primary forests • IUCN Protected Areas categories I-VI • Indigenous protected areas • Connectivity conservation provides landscape-wide planning framework

12. Ecosystem services and Non Forest Wood products • Value of ecosystem services • TEEB 2010: estimates the cost of biodiversity loss and ecosystem damage will = 18% of global economic output by 2050. • Launched the Bank of Natural Capital to communicate findings of ‘Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature….’(PavanSukhdev) • Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) • Analysis published in ‘Nature’ of Amazonian • rainforest found that exploitation of NTFPs • could yield higher net revenue than loggingand facilitates conservation of cultural and biological diversity (Peters et al). 12 12

13. Conclusions • We need international and national policy that recognizes the full range of values of primary forests “Forests are disappearing partly because they are undervalued, and our market economy fails to recognize ecosystem services provided by intact forests. To stop losing this planet’s living treasure, we must understand and appreciate its full range of values, as well as its importance for human well-being and development” Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2010). Forest Biodiversity—Earth’s Living Treasure. Montreal, • Avoiding emissions by protecting primary forests is a vital component of a comprehensive approach to climate change mitigation & biodiversity gives primary forests their resilience and adaptive capacity • Traditional obligations to country & sustainable livelihoods are incompatible with industrialisation of primary forests • The plantation sector can help save biodiversity by removing the need to log the world’s natural forests Source: IPPC TAR 2007