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Location Sound I

Location Sound I. Listening. http://soundess.wordpress.com/assignments/listening/. Properties of Sound. Back to basic physics… When things vibrate , they cause air molecules to move ( sound waves ). If vibrations are fast enough, we perceive them, with our ears and brain, as sound.

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Location Sound I

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  1. Location Sound I

  2. Listening http://soundess.wordpress.com/assignments/listening/

  3. Properties of Sound Back to basic physics… • When things vibrate, they cause air molecules to move (soundwaves). • If vibrations are fast enough, we perceive them, with our ears and brain, as sound. • If they are slow enough, we FEEL them, not HEAR them. http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/5to14/resources/science/sound/solid.asp

  4. Properties of Sound Range of human hearing: 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz (20kHz) Human Speech: 100 Hz - 3,000 Hz (3kHz) Ocean waves: 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz 2.Amplitude (strength of wave) - loudness/volume (intensity ~ light) - dB measured in decibels • Sound is described with two measurements: • Frequency (speed of wave) • Pitch (color ~ light) • Measured in Hz (hertz) [sound waves demo]

  5. Properties of Sound Pure tones, a single frequency Noise - all frequencies Human voice - numerous frequencies This example: 200Hz , 250 Hz, 300 Hz, 400 Hz, 800 Hz, 1,600Hz [sonic visualizer]

  6. Room Acoustics Sound travels spherically

  7. Room Acoustics Sound can get absorbed. • Carpets • Bodies • Furniture etc.

  8. Room Acoustics Sound can be reflected - hard walls, ceilings, floors Just like light reflects off mirrors

  9. Room Acoustics In rooms, sound bounces off of things many times, and quickly. we perceive these reflections as reverb. -gyms, bathrooms, and small Brooklyn apartment bedrooms are often very reverberant (why?) Direct sound comes DIRECTLY from the sound source. -sounds ‘dry’, dead Reverberant sound are the reflections. - sounds ‘wet’, foggy, smeared

  10. Room Acoustics When you’re on set recording sound: Maximize DIRECT SOUND Minimize REVERB - Microphone close to sound source - Rooms with furniture and carpet - Sound blankets

  11. Sound is Energy • Beings as airpressure waves • Microphones convert pressure waves to electricity (voltage) • The 702T converts electricity (analog) to digital data.

  12. MICROPHONES! Mics have polar patterns, or pick-up patterns. Many are directional.

  13. MICROPHONES! Polar patterns, or pick-up patterns Omni directional - all directions

  14. MICROPHONES! Polar patterns, or pick-up patterns Cardiod: picks up sound from front and side, rejects sound from the back

  15. MICROPHONES! Polar patterns, or pick-up patterns Shotgun: aka super/hyper cardiod Mics reject different frequencies at different amounts

  16. on/off axis response CK91 and MKH 416 (Beeps)

  17. 702T • Peak Indicator (danger of overmodulating) • Ideal levels (for dialogue): average in yellow, peaks in the red Review - what’s 48V? Headphone monitoring? Ideal levels?

  18. In-class exercise: directional mics Record with 2 mics: 416 (shotgun) and CK91 (cardiod) Record a person talking from two positions, one position on-axis and the other position off axis, for both microphones. Note if the person’s voice and/or the background sound changes depending on what angle the mic is pointed. If you hear a change, what is the difference? Describe what you hear in your group’s last recording, which we will play back in class when you return (we’ll playback one recording per group).

  19. Sound Design: Role of Backgrounds & Ambiences Backgrounds (BGs, ambiance, atmos) ‘provides the connective tissue for sound tracks,’ -Holman ‘the canvas upon which the entire motion picture soundtrack sit.’ -Yewdall BGs, though usually not the focus, are always there.

  20. Sound Design: Role of BGs Utilitarian, provides a sense of: location time (day/night, modern day/period piece) Space/perspective Storytelling, useful for: Setting mood Manipulating the audience’s attention Foreshadowing an event (creates tension)

  21. Assignment #2 http://soundess.wordpress.com/assignments/ • Read an article, forum post, blog entry, book chapter etc. about location sound recording or sound design. http://soundess.wordpress.com/resources/ • Be prepared to tell the class one thing that struck you, or that you learned, in what you read.

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