The Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

1. The Endocrine and Reproductive Systems Body Systems

2. The Endocrine System

3. Specialized Cells • These include: • Pinealocytes • Thyroid Epithelial Cells • Parathyroid Chief Cells • Adrenal Gland Cells

4. Glands • These specialized cells make up glands. • The major glands that make up the human endocrine system include the: • Hypothalamus • Pituitary Gland • Thyroid • Parathyroids • Adrenal Glands • Pineal Body • Pancreas • Reproductive Glands (which include the ovaries and testes)

5. Function • These glands communicate with parts of your body with chemical messages or hormones • Different glands communicate with different parts of the body

6. The Endocrine and The Reproductive System • The Endocrine System works with the Reproductive System • The Reproductive System’s function is to create copies of ourselves and hormones in the Endocrine System give that system directions to get the human body ready to do that

7. Testosterone • Testosterone is the main male sex hormone that is produced by the testes beginning in the fetus' eighth week. • In the fetal and embryonic stages of development, testosterone promotes the development of the penis and scrotum and the formation of the structures involved in sperm production. • In the pubescent years (age 9 to 14), testosterone helps in the growth of the testes, body hair, muscles and bones as well as sexual maturation and deepening of the voice • For teenage boys, the production of testosterone increases 10X –this can contribute to fluctuations in mood • Women also produce testosterone

8. Estrogen and Progesterone • Ovaries produce both estrone, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone • Breasts produce estrogen • During puberty, this messaging system triggers an ovulation cycle where an egg is released to be fertilized and start reproduction. • Fluctuations or inbalance in these hormones can cause mood changes