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Recent Progress in Manure Digestion

Recent Progress in Manure Digestion. Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture 2007 Funding for this project was provided by (The Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund) as recommended by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCMR). What’s New With Manure Digestion?.

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Recent Progress in Manure Digestion

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  1. Recent Progress in Manure Digestion Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture 2007 Funding for this project was provided by (The Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund) as recommended by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCMR)

  2. What’s New With Manure Digestion? • Haubenschild Farm Fuel Cell Project • LCMR’s European Digester Tour • Loan Program: How to Apply Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  3. Haubenschild Farm Fuel Cell Project Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  4. Background on Haubenschild Dairy: • The 900-head dairy has a well-established manure digester • Biogas is being converted to electricity by a 130 kW engine generator • Digester produces excess biogas Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  5. Objectives: • Evaluate the feasibility of a fuel cell to convert biogas (methane) to electricity. • Next step may be to produce hydrogen for farm use from biogas. Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  6. Procedures to Achieve Objective: • Develop biogas cleanup system • Install fuel cell on digester • Test the fuel cell • Monitor systems for energy, consumption and emissions Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  7. Challenges: • Hydrogen sulfide removal - Initial concentration ~ 3000 ppm - Need concentration < 25 ppb • Carbon dioxide removal - Need concentration < 50,000 ppm (5%) • Moisture removal - Need dry gas Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  8. Haubenschild Equipment Rooms • Building on right houses the fuel cell • Building on left houses the generator Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  9. Emissions from Haubenschild Generator Vs. Plug PowerTM Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Engine Generator Fuel Cell _ CO g (800 ppmv) 4.18 g/kWh g (<1 ppmv) 0.014 g/kWh NOX g (2960 ppmv) 25.5 g/kWh g (<1 ppmv) <.0023 g/kWh SOX g (277 ppmv) 3.34 g/kWh g (<1 ppmv) <0.030 g/kWh CXHY g (20460 ppmv) 53 g/kWh g (1790 ppmv) 14.5 g/kWh Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  10. Problems: • Need to receive more money for the electricity produced • Need a more stable gas cleanup system Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  11. What Do We Do Now? • Compress, transport and sell methane • Make and sell hydrogen • Get more value and less regulation Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  12. Benefits • Reduces odors and emissions • Promotes rural economy • Reduces reliance on foreign fuel • Reduces soil and water pollution Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  13. LCMR’s European Digester Tour Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  14. European Digesters: -Most are mesophilic -All are aboveground -Have stirring devices -Most are larger than Haubenschild’s digester Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  15. Alternate Waste Stream in Europe • Many digesters use alternate waste streams of slaughterhouse wastes, other waste fats, or crops such as corn silage. • Corn silage is said to generate plenty of heat to operate the digester. Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  16. Community Digesters in Europe: • Community digesters receive manure from 18-60 farms. • Regulations encouraged community digesters by requiring 6 to 0 months of manure storage. • Storages were located in the fields where manure would be applied. Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  17. Loan Programs: How to Apply • First determine the appropriateness of a certain system for your farm • Fill out loan or grant application Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  18. Checklist to Evaluate the Likelihood of Heated Manure Digestion System Success Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  19. Checklist to Evaluate the Likelihood of Heated Manure Digestion System Success (Continued) Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  20. Grants and Loans Available: • Section 9006 Renewable Energy Systems and Energy Efficiency Improvements Grant Program • Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) Methane Digester Loan Program Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  21. Section 9006: Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Program • Purpose: To assist projects in purchasing renewable energy systems and energy improvements • How: It offers grants and guaranteed loans • More Info and Application:http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/rbs/farmbill/ Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

  22. MDA Methane Digester Loan Program • Purpose: Provide financial assistance for the construction of a system that produces electricity from manure • How: Revolving loan fund • More Info and Application:http://www.mda.state.mn.us /grants/loans/digester.htm Produced by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture

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