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Chapter 18 Review

Chapter 18 Review. Volcanism. According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest?. Loihi Hawaii Kauai Molokai. Where would the most active volcano be located on this diagram?. Maui Kauai Oahu Hawaii. What is the next volcano to form?. Kauai Molokai Loihi Hawaii.

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Chapter 18 Review

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  1. Chapter 18 Review Volcanism

  2. According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest? • Loihi • Hawaii • Kauai • Molokai

  3. Where would the most active volcano be located on this diagram? • Maui • Kauai • Oahu • Hawaii

  4. What is the next volcano to form? • Kauai • Molokai • Loihi • Hawaii

  5. Crater Lake in southern Oregon is not a crater but actually a ___. • conduit • vent • caldera • magma chamber

  6. What is the difference in melting points of dry albite and albite with water at a depth of 12 km? • 1940°C • 460°C • 560°C • 1200°C

  7. How does the melting point of albite with water change as the depth of its burial increases from 0 to 3 km? • It decreases by 220°C. • It increases by 220°C. • It increases by 20°C. • It decreases by 20°C.

  8. All of the following affect the temperature at which magma forms EXCEPT ____. • pressure • composition of source material • water • viscosity

  9. Types of plutons include ____. • shields, cinder-cones, and composites • vents, craters, and calderas • dust, ash, lapilli, volcanic blocks, and volcanic bombs • batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths

  10. Which of the following are landscape features associated with volcanoes? • uplift, erosion, weathering, and deposition • hot spots and flood basalts • vents, craters, and calderas • batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths

  11. crater • A • B • C • D • E • F

  12. pyroclastic flow • A • B • C • D • E • F

  13. vent • A • B • C • D • E • F

  14. conduit • A • B • C • D • E • F

  15. magma chamber • A • B • C • D • E • F

  16. tephra • A • B • C • D • E • F

  17. Largest type of pluton • batholith • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Pacific Ocean • sill • pyroclastic flow

  18. Tabular pluton parallel to the rock it intrudes • batholith • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Pacific Ocean • sill • pyroclastic flow

  19. Rapidly moving volcanic material • batholith • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Pacific Ocean • sill • pyroclastic flow

  20. Location of rift or divergent volcanism • batholith • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Pacific Ocean • sill • pyroclastic flow

  21. Location of volcanoes formed as the result of hot spots • batholith • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Pacific Ocean • sill • pyroclastic flow

  22. Forms in the upper mantle • basaltic magma • andesitic magma • rhyolitic magma

  23. Magma with the lowest viscosity • basaltic magma • andesitic magma • rhyolitic magma

  24. Usually found at continental margins associated with subduction zones • basaltic magma • andesitic magma • rhyolitic magma

  25. Magma with the lowest gas content • basaltic magma • andesitic magma • rhyolitic magma

  26. Most explosive form of magma • basaltic magma • andesitic magma • rhyolitic magma

  27. Picture • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  28. Picture • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  29. Picture • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  30. Broad, gently sloping sides • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  31. Steep-sided • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  32. Made of layers of tephra and lava • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  33. Forms from layers of basaltic lava • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  34. Forms as tephra ejected high into the air fall back to Earth and pile around the vent • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  35. Largest of the volcanoes • shield volcano • cinder-cone volcano • composite volcano

  36. Volcanic fragments thrown into air during a volcanic eruption • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  37. Internal resistance to flow • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  38. Intrusive igneous rock body • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  39. Opening in Earth’s crust through which lava erupts • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  40. Bowl-shaped depression around a vent at the top of a volcano • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  41. Depression that forms when the top or side of a volcano collapses into the magma chamber • caldera • vent • viscosity • pluton • tephra • crater

  42. At any given pressure, wet albite will melt at a lower temperature than dry albite. • True • False

  43. As pressure increases, the melting point of dry albite decreases. • True • False

  44. The hotter the magma or lava, the greater is its viscosity. • True • False

  45. Lava that has low viscosity moves slower than lava with high viscosity. • True • False

  46. Temperature and pressure decrease with depth beneath Earth’s surface. • True • False

  47. Rhyolitic magma forms beneath oceanic crust. • True • False

  48. Cinder-cone volcanoes have steep sides and are generally the smallest volcanoes. • True • False

  49. Volcanoes associated with convergent plate boundaries form the Circum-Pacific and the Mediterranean Belts. • True • False

  50. Dikes are plutons that cause overlying rocks to bow upward. • True • False

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