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Section 4-The Reform Continues

Explore the Protestant and Catholic Reformation movements led by John Calvin, Jesuits, and the Council of Trent. Dive into Calvinism, predestination, theocracy, Catholic renewal, and doctrinal agreements. Understand key figures, doctrines, and controversies shaping Christianity in the 16th century.

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Section 4-The Reform Continues

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  1. Section 4-The Reform Continues

  2. Calvin Continues the Reformation • John Calvin- Published Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536) • Expressed ideas about God, salvation, and human nature • Summary of Protestant theology and religious beliefs • Calvinism-Religion based on John Calvin’s teachings

  3. Calvin Continues the Reformation • Predestination-God has known since the beginning of time who he wants to save • These people were called the “elect” • Theocracy-Government controlled by religious leaders

  4. Other Protestant Reformers • Anabaptists- “Meaning baptize again” • Protestant group who believe people should only be baptized as adults • Believed church and state should be separate and they should not fight in wars

  5. Catholic Reformation • Catholic Reformation-A process of renewing the Catholic Church from within • Jesuits-Society of Jesus created by the Pope in 1540 A.D. • 3 Focuses- • Founded schools in Europe • Convert non-Christians to Catholicism • Stop the spread of Protestantism

  6. Catholic Reformation • Pope Paul III takes four steps to reform the Catholic Church • Investigated the selling of indulgences • Approved the Jesuit order • Used inquisitions to seek out heretics (non-believers) • Called for church leaders to meet at the Council of Trent

  7. Catholic Reformation • Council of Trent-Meeting where Catholic cardinals and bishops agreed on several doctrines in response to the Reformation • Only the churches interpretation of the Bible is correct • Anyone who tries to interoperate it is a heretic • Salvation is achieved by good works and faith • Christian life should be guided by church traditions and the bible • Indulgences are valid expressions of faith

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