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English Renaissance (1485-1650)

English Renaissance (1485-1650). What to look for:. Important historical events (literature, country’s events, world events) Historical and cultural forces Three big ideas!. Important Brit. Lit. Events. 1476- William Caxton establishes first printing press in England

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English Renaissance (1485-1650)

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  1. English Renaissance (1485-1650)

  2. What to look for: • Important historical events (literature, country’s events, world events) • Historical and cultural forces • Three big ideas!

  3. Important Brit. Lit. Events • 1476- William Caxton establishes first printing press in England • 1516- Sir Thomas More writes Utopia • 1564- Shakespeare born • 1576- First professional playhouse opens in London • 1599- Globe Theatre, home of Shakespeare’s company, is founded

  4. Important Brit. Lit. Events Cont. • 1609- Shakespeare’s sonnets are published • 1611- King James Bible is published • 1642- Theaters are closed by order of Puritans

  5. Tudor England! • Henry VII (reigns from 1485-1509) • Henry VIII (reigns from 1509-1547) • 1534- breaks from Catholic church • Edward VI (reigns from 1547-1553) • Mary I (reigns from 1553-1558) • Elizabeth I (reigns from 1558-1603)

  6. Henry VIII • He served as King of England from 1509-1547. He may be most remember for breaking ties with the Catholic church. Pope Clement VII would not permit Henry to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon. Henry VIII blamed her for not producing a son to inherit the crown. Thomas Cromwell, Henry’s advisor, led a revolution which led to the formation of the Church of England and permitted Henry to marry his second wife, Anne Boleyn.

  7. Henry VIII V.

  8. Important Events in Britain • 1580- Sir Francis Drake circumvents the globe • 1603- Elizabeth I dies, James I begins reign (until 1625) • 1616- William Harvey discovers circulation of the blood • 1625- Charles I begins reign • 1649- Charles I is beheaded; Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector

  9. Important world events • 1492- Columbus reaches New World • 1498- Vasco De Gama reaches India • 1543- Copernicus publishes heliocentric theory • 1609- Galileo constructs his first telescope • 1619- First enslaved Africans arrive in America • 1624- Japan prohibits European contact

  10. Make Inferences (look at pages 228-229) • What are some general topic categories that would cover several events on the timeline?

  11. Possible topic categories! Religion! Exploration! Science!

  12. Analyze Graphic Information • Who ruled England longer, Queen Mary or King James I?

  13. James I! • Poor Mary died after only serving 5 years on the throne • James I served 22 years

  14. Tudor England • Henry VII’s defeat of Richard III and marriage to a member of the House of York ended the 30 year civil war, known as the War of the Roses.

  15. Tudor England • Remember who those 5 kings/queens are that make up Tudor England!

  16. The Renaissance (French = “rebirth”) • England became an economical and naval power • Renaissance was a cultural movement • Started in Italy in 14th century, then swept into France, Holland, and other nations of Western Europe.

  17. Humanism • They relished new ideas and shared a lively interest in the affairs of this world, NOT the afterlife! • Political, scientific, philosophical, and religious questions intrigued them • French writer, Michel de Montaigne, modeled Socrates question, “Que sais-je?” Or, “What do I know?” • He explored the questions

  18. Life Death

  19. What do I know? • What do you know? On a fresh sheet of paper (name, date, block), write down what YOU know about religion, politics, certain philosophies, or scientific exploration. What interests you? What would you explore?

  20. Protestant Reformation • Early 1500s, it was a religious revolution that began in central Europe and spread across the country like wildfire • A protest against the powerful Roman Catholic Church that significantlyinfluenced the social, political, and economic structure of Europe

  21. Protestant Reformation Cont. • Pope Leo X empowered agents to travel throughout Europe selling letters that granted pardons for sins. • The profits were used for church business, such as the construction of cathedrals • 1517- German monk Martin Luther helped spur the movement • He protested against the sale of indulgences and other “perceived abuses” of the Catholic church (like these LETTERS!!!)

  22. Protestant Reformation Cont. • Luther’s protests helped trigger a widespread rejection of the Pope’s authority in Europe

  23. Back to Henry VIII (He’s nasty) • His wife, Catherine of Aragon, couldn’t produce a male heir • Pope refused to divorce the King and the Queen (stuff like that wasn’t allowed!) • Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church and declared himself head of the Church of England (or the Anglican Church)

  24. Still on Henry VIII (ewwww) • Split led to bitter and long-lasting conflicts among religions until the end of the 1600s • Henry did have a daughter, Mary I, who became queen (so he went through all of that for NOTHING!) • Mary I was Catholic and she executed Protestants

  25. Execute the Protestants! Off with the Protestants’ heads!

  26. Wait a tick!! • Henry VIII’s other daughter, Elizabeth I, was Protestant. • So she started executing Catholics when she came into power!!! • In 1588, Phillip II (Catholic monarch of Spain) launches an attack. • Elizabeth I’s navy defeats the Spanish Armada. • England remained Protestant under Elizabeth I and James I

  27. Execute the Catholics! Off with the Catholics’ heads!

  28. 3 Big Ideas! • Humanists and Courtiers • A Bard for the Ages • The Sacred and the Secular

  29. Humanists and Courtiers • They believed that human endeavor had dignity and worth in its own right. • Influenced by that idea, English writers began to shift their focus from other worldly concerns and concentrate on secular subjects (such as love, politics, science, and philosophy) Secular = things opposite of religion

  30. A Bard for the Ages • Bard = a poet (dictionary.com calls Shakespeare, “the poet”) • All about Shakespeare • He wrote poems and plays that represent full flowering of the English Renaissance. • His work focuses on individuals: heroes and villains who grapple with painful dilemmas.

  31. The Sacred and the Secular • English Renaissance is a time of extreme contrasts • Time period produced literature that includes devotional meditations as well as witty reflections on time, transience, and erotic love. • The contrast between the SACRED and the SECULAR was sharply drawn!

  32. Sacred v. Secular

  33. Here’s what you do: • You and a partner will look at the three big ideas and write an outline for each of the ideas! Use one sheet of paper, put both names on paper • Humanists and Courtiers- pages 234-235 • A Bard for the Ages- pages 236-237 • The Sacred and the Secular- pages 238-239

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