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Herbaria and Database Systems Michael G. Simpson

Herbaria and Database Systems Michael G. Simpson. What is an herbarium?. A place where preserved plant collections are kept, usually pressed and dried plant specimens attached to a sheet of paper = herbarium specimen. Function or purpose of herbaria?. Maintain plant specimens

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Herbaria and Database Systems Michael G. Simpson

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  1. Herbaria and Database SystemsMichael G. Simpson

  2. What is an herbarium? A place where preserved plant collections are kept, usually pressed and dried plant specimens attached to a sheet of paper = herbarium specimen

  3. Function or purpose of herbaria? Maintain plant specimens Act as centers of plant systematics research

  4. Reference book for herbaria? Index Herbariorum Homlgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren, and L. C. Barnett, eds. 1990. Index herbariorum, part I: The herbaria of the world, 8th ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. http://www.nybg.org/bsci/ih/ih.html (continuously updated)

  5. Index Herbariorum Herbarium Year Founded Acronym Specimens Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris France 1635 P,PC 9,500,000 New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, U.S.A. 1891 NY 7,000,000 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, U.K. 1841 K 7,000,000 Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, Genève, Switzerland 1824 G 6,000,000 Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg (Leningrad), Russia 1823 LE 5,770,000 Missouri botanical Garden, Saint Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. 1859 MO 5,400,000 The Natural Hisotry Museum, London, England, U.K. 1753 BM 5,200,000 Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 1864 GH 5,005,000 (incl. A,AMES,ECON,FH,NEBC) Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria 1807 W 5,000,000 Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden 1739 S 4,400,000 Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 1848 US, USNC 4,368,000 Institute de Botanique, Montpellier, France 1845 MPU 4,000,000 Université de Lyon, Villeurbane, France 1924 LY 4,000,000 Universitatis Florentinae, Museo botanico, Firenze, Italy 1842 FI 3,650,000 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany 1895 JE 3,000,000

  6. Herbarium Specimen?

  7. Size and format of herbarium specimen?

  8. Herbarium Label?

  9. Herbarium Curator? Person responsible for running the herbarium. • Maintaining collection. • Processing new collections to the herbarium. • Distributing loans. • Resource for plant identification.

  10. Accession number? Permanent number associated with each specimen. Usually written with herbarium acronym: SD 121596 SDSU 13655 UC 218486

  11. Storing and handling specimens? Herbarium cabinet /compactor, with sealed door. Genus folders stored,may be color-coded: alphabetical or by classification system. Handle carefully, gen. don’t turn upside-down.

  12. Annotation Label? • Verifies or changes identity of specimen. 2) Documents removal of plant material Different types of data?

  13. Removing plant material? • Get Permission • May reconstitute in boiling water or detergent solution. • Flowers, pollen, ovules, tissues, DNA.

  14. Herbarium Loan? Insect control?

  15. Data Information System? Inputting, organization, and accessing of information. Data may answer questions in plant taxonomy.

  16. Data Information Systems: Fields District Locality Latitude Longitude Elevation Habitat Description Date of Collection Collector: First Name Collector: Last Name Associate Collectors Phenology Accession Number Accession Source Supplemental Information Taxonomic Number Group Family Genus Species Species Author Infraspecific Rank Infraspecific Name Infraspecific Author Collection Number Determination Date Certainty of identification Country State

  17. Types of data? Collector Plant featuresFlower color, phenology, plant habit, size, etc. Geography (specific latitude/longitude)Maps HabitatSubstrate type, topography Community associates Rarity

  18. Floras versus Monographs? Flora - treatment documenting all plants of a given region,e.g., Flora of Palomar Mountain State Park Monograph - treatment documenting all taxa of a given taxonomic groupe.g., Monograph of the genus Tephrosia

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