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Chapter 14.3 The Crisis Deepens

Chapter 14.3 The Crisis Deepens. Divisions and Tensions between the North and South have severely weakened the major Political Parties of the United States as all the focus was on Slavery. I. A New Anti-Slavery Party.

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Chapter 14.3 The Crisis Deepens

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  1. Chapter 14.3 The Crisis Deepens Divisions and Tensions between the North and South have severely weakened the major Political Parties of the United States as all the focus was on Slavery

  2. I. A New Anti-Slavery Party • As the Whig party split the New Republican Party grew in the north and its main goal was to stop the spread of slavery and expand the Free Soil Party

  3. II. The Dred Scott Decision • 3 days after New president James Buchanan took office, Anti-slavery forces took a huge blow • The Dred Scott case shattered their progress • Dred Scott was an enslaved and once owned by a U.S. Army Doctor. They lived in the north where slavery was illegal but after leaving the army the Doctor settled in Missouri. • Dred Scott sued for his freedom with help from antislavery lawyers arguing he lived for years where slavery was illegal

  4. A. The Courts Decision • Chief Justice Roger B. Taney decided that Scott was not free for 2 reasons: 1- he had no right to sue in court because Af. Americans were not citizens 2-Taney said that living in a free territory didn’t make him free, slaves were property which was protected by the constitution

  5. B. Reactions • Supporters of slavery rejoiced and this just allowed the idea of slavery to be accepted in all territories that were not states yet. • Northerners and Anti-slavery leaders condemned this decision and felt that slavery just got even more powerful

  6. Another northerner who spoke out against the Dred Scott case was an Illinois lawyer named Abraham Lincoln he voiced his rage against the idea that any person could be someone else's property

  7. III. Lincoln-Douglass Debates • Shortly after Lincoln said his feelings he was elected to congress • He also was an enemy to Stephen Douglas who wrote the Kansas-Nebraska act, but their rivalry went even deeper • They both had attempted to date a Lady Named Mary Todd who will eventually be Mrs. Mary Todd-Lincoln

  8. A. A House Divided • In 1858 Lincoln was chosen to run against Douglas and when Lincoln made his speech he made History (read quote pg. 496) • Lincoln didn’t say he wanted to ban slavery but many knew what his intentions were

  9. B. Debating Slavery • Lincoln Challenged Douglas to a series of debates in which thousands could view their discussions. • Douglas defended his southern position and painted Lincoln as a dangerous person • While Lincoln took a stand against slavery saying “if slavery isn’t wrong then nothing is wrong” • Douglas said “he had never wanted to bring equality between whites and blacks and that no negro should have rights”

  10. Douglas also said “ no negro deserved those rights outlined in the Dec. of Independence, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” • In the end Douglas won, due to the power growing in the South but at the same time Lincoln was just getting started and his name would soon spread across the country Picture also shows physical difference Between the two enemies

  11. IV. John Brown’s Raid • John Brown was driven out of Kansas after his massacre and returned to New England where he began to hatch a new plan and raise an army to free people in the south • In 1859 Brown and some supporters attacked the town of Harpers Ferry in Virginia His goal was to seize the guns stored there by the U.S. army and wanted to give these weapons to Af. Americans to fight for freedom

  12. Brown quickly gained control of the weapons but military troops led by Robert E. Lee surrounded Brown’s forces before they could escape and 10 of Brown’s men were wounded and captured. • At his trial Brown sat quietly as they found him guilty of murder and treason. • Before hearing his sentence he gave a very moving and inspirational speech

  13. A. Brown’s speech (don’t write just listen) • He said “the bible instructed him to care for the poor and enslaved and if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice I say let it be done” he showed no emotion as he was sentenced to death • When the state of Virginia hanged Brown for treason Church bells rang across the North in mourning for him. The south was shocked how the North praised Brown for what he did and the south felt that the North now would stop at nothing to destroy slavery

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