Chemistry grade 10

1. Chemistry grade 10

2. Electron arrangement

4. Chemical compounds are represented using chemical names and chemical formulas. • To tell different compounds apart, each one is given a unique chemical name. • Each chemical name can be translated into a chemical formula. A chemical formula is a group of letters and subscript numbers that represent the make-up of a chemical compound. The letters in the compound are the chemical symbols of the elements in the compound. • The subscript numbers tell you how many atoms of these elements are in the compound.

6. Reactive elements can become more stable when they form compounds. Sodium + Chlorine becomes sodium chloride

7. Compounds • When elements form compounds, they become more stable because when the elements combine to form compounds, each element makes a full outer electron shell. • Metal elements lose electrons to form positive ions to become more stable. • Non-metal elements can gain electrons to form negative ions OR non-metals can share electrons to become more stable. • Ions are atoms that have either a positive electrical charge or a negative electrical charge.

8. Binary Ionic compound • A compound consists of a metal cation and non-metal anion. • First part of the name always identifies the cation – usually a metal • Second part of the name identifies the anion. Ends in the suffix “ide”