FNAL/ANL/UC SRF R&D Collaborations

1. FNAL/ANL/UC SRF R&D Collaborations Lance Cooley – new SRF Materials Group Leader at FNAL

2. A Regional “Center of Excellence” effectively started through the efforts of Pierre Bauer and Claire Antoine • Research topics concluding Oct-Dec 07 • Grain-boundary properties – Polyanskii (ASC-FSU*) • Local nano-chemistry by 3D Atom probe – Seidman (NU) • Thermal conductivity and Kapitza resistance – MSU • Fundamentals of SC, theory – A Gurevich (ASC-FSU)* • Topics proposed recently for SRF R&D that are ripe for seeding • Mapping the superconducting gap on Nb surfaces - M Iavarone (ANL) • Atomic layer deposition applied to cavity surfaces – M Pellin (ANL) • Multilayer SRF structures – M Pellin (ANL) • Other topics that make sense to initiate • Nanometer scale chemical kinetics and morphology of niobium oxidation – S Sibener (UC) • Magnetometry of Nb crystals, welds, etc. – Welp (ANL) • SRF theory – Koshelev (ANL) *formerly U Wisconsin Applied Superconductivity Center

3. Guiding vision • Increase the vertical span of R&D to utilize basic understanding, thereby accelerating progress and producing breakthroughs sooner • Orbach: SRF is an enabling technology. US leadership in SRF science strengthens our ability to put ILC on US soil. • Marx panel: Breakthroughs produced by the “LTSW consortium” far outweighed the AARD investment for high-field magnets, so use it as a model • Develop understanding that underlies “basic” work at FNAL • Seek understanding that further enables niobium • End users and basic researchers need to speak common language • Basic researchers work toward needs identified by end users • End users gain access to knowledge first hand and prior to publication

4. Guiding vision • Involve academia and BES labs • Allow academic freedom within the context defined by end users • Undertake “measurement services” separately • $100k/yr is threshold for academic value • Fill the researcher pipeline via student projects, Ph.D. theses • Make SRF materials available to basic researchers • Encourage round-robin and joint experiments among research groups using common samples • Take advantage of complex probes, advanced facilities, and (most importantly) expertise outside labs • An experienced researcher is worth more than the instrument • Possibility of testing hypotheses on “real” cavities

5. Guiding vision • Build long-term excellence • Find pathways toward future breakthroughs outside of present ILC materials • Basic understanding of surface superconductivity • Integration of surface science with SRF • Breaking the “niobium monopoly”

6. Tie-in to ILC • FNAL is building a strong single cavity R&D program, which will work in conjunction with 9-cell pre-production, test, QA, and simulation • Single-cell program is the entry point for basic understanding to the ILC knowledge chain • ILC EDR must continue to consider “alternates”, which provide pathway for breakthroughs to positively affect cost and performance

7. Practical Are present niobium specs adequate? What are the differences in raw sheets that matter? How deep does surface damage penetrate? Are present etching recipes sufficient? How are cold mechanical properties affected by processing (etching, annealing, welding…) What is it about sulfur particulates that make them difficult to remove (after EP)? How can we prevent particle re-contamination and field emission ? Fundamental How are oxygen & oxides arranged and what happens to them during/after etching? Baking? Annealing? How does surface chemistry affect superconductivity? RF superconductivity? What new information can new surface probes provide? Are grain boundaries bad? If so, why? Are there mitigation strategies? Can multilayer coatings produce RF fields higher (and lower losses) than that possible with niobium? There are many key scientific questions

8. Talks by ANL and UC Investigators

9. Proposal: SRF Center of Excellence • Characteristics of regional collaboration are similar to those of NSF or DOE Center of Excellence • Proposal: leverage regional activities into sustained national effort of ~$2M/yr scale • Target: combined NSF (Goldberg) and HEP (Debenham) • Charge: Sustain progress on key scientific issues via • Curiosity-driven research within end-use context • Collaborative research with labs • Interactions with industry and SBIR • Management: • Annual or semi-annual workshop will be important for reporting • Executive committee shall (re)identify key scientific issues based on needs and progress

10. Industry SBIR IIT DOE NSF Cornell Exec. Committee TJNAF MSU ANL UC FSU N’western FNAL Network interchange of ideas and samples