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The Cloudy and Hazy World Seen by Steve Schneider V. Ramanathan

The Cloudy and Hazy World Seen by Steve Schneider V. Ramanathan Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California Schneider Symposium Boulder, Colo, Aug 25, 2011. Earth Radiation Budget Experiment: { Joined Team in 1975} Originally proposed by Suomi; the Expt awarded to NASA-Langley.

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The Cloudy and Hazy World Seen by Steve Schneider V. Ramanathan

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  1. The Cloudy and Hazy World Seen by Steve Schneider V. Ramanathan Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California Schneider Symposium Boulder, Colo, Aug 25, 2011

  2. Earth Radiation Budget Experiment: { Joined Team in 1975} Originally proposed by Suomi; the Expt awarded to NASA-Langley Ramanathan, Barkstrom and Harrison, Physics Today, 1989

  3. 238 99 341 Ramanathan, Barkstrom and Harrison, Phys Today, 1989 Kim and Ramanathan, 2006

  4. -49 -66 -66 SCHNEIDER, 1972 -31 37 37, SCHNEIDER, 1972

  5. Clouds switch from cooling to warming at high Latitudes in winter

  6. SCHNEIDER,1972 SCHNEIDER,1972 Ramanathan et al: 1989; 1995; 2006

  7. The Copenhagen Accord for Limiting Global Warming: Criteria, Constraints and Available Avenues Ramanathan and Xu, Submitted to PNAS, 2010

  8. A Grand Climate Change and Mitigation Experiment Providing Clean Cooking and Lighting Technologies and documenting their impacts on Air pollution, Climate Forcing, Health Exposure Indoors and outdoors V. Ramanathan and the Surya Team

  9. December 21 2001 November 14 2006 Deposition of BC on Snow Melting of Glaciers Intense Atmospheric Solar Heating: Melting of Glaciers; Disruption of Monsoon 500,000 deaths from indoor Smoke Millions of Tons of crop damages More than 60% of BC emissions Is from biomass burning Dimming of Surface: Decreasing evaporation; Decreasing Monsoon Rainfall NASA-MODIS Ramanathan 2007

  10. Eliminating Cooking Smoke can have dramatic Impact on Air Pollution & Climate Ramanathan and Carmichael, 2008 2000 to 2005, as is 2000-2005 Without BC from Cooking Simulated Column Black Carbon

  11. The Game Changer : Cookstove Climate Mitigation Potential Global (Annual Values): CO2 Released : 1 B Ton (WB-2011) Black Carbon (40 Yr GWP) : 1 B to 4 B Ton CO2 CO (Ozone Precursor) : ?? Regional (S Asia) Himalayan Glaciers Retreat : 30% Monsoon Decrease (7%) : 60% Precipitation effncy : ?? Crop Damages : 5 Mt of Rain fed Rice Alone Water Security : ????? Fuel wood(344); Crops(76); Dung (75) Tg/Yr We need to Reduce CO2 emissions by 20 B Tons/Yr by 2050 to limit warming to 2C. Will Cost $46 Trillion from now to 2050 (IEA)

  12. What is Surya: A Climate Change Science, Health & Sustainability Experiment Pilot Phase: 485 households Demonstration Phase: >10000 households EOS-Satellites

  13. Indoor and Outdoor BC Surya Observations Rehman et al, ACPD 2011 Why the Brown Color? Normalized Abs Coefft Wavelength (nm)

  14. Over S. Asia, the simulated BC is a factor of 3 to 10 Lower

  15. Seasonal Variation in BC Concentrations: Comparison with Climate Models Simulated Ganguly et Al, 2010 Simulated Menon et al, 2010 Diurnal variation of seasonal mean BC concentration at SVI_1 village centre (VC).

  16. Have Identified the Technology that reduces BC emissions Kar et al, 2011

  17. How Deep Does the Soot aerosols Penetrate? NASA-CALIPSO Data OCT to NOV DEC to FEB March to May Monthly mean LIDAR extinction profiles (532 nm) from CALIPSO for the grid (26–27N and 80–82E) for post-monsoon, dry and pre-monsoon seasons, respectively. SVI_1 is located within this grid.

  18. Monitoring Stove BC Emissions Using Mobile Phones 25 mm Innovations Micro-Pump and Filter • $500 per unit, ultra low power. • Low-tech: works with any camera cellphone. • Real-time reporting. Filter, placed on reference template Picture sent to server Results sent back via SMS N Ramanathan, et al, Atm Environment, 2011 25

  19. Indoor and Outdoor BC Surya Observations Rehman et al, ACPD 2011 Why the Brown Color? Normalized Abs Coefft Wavelength (nm)

  20. Ground Based Observations

  21. Outstanding Problems that are within the scope of Surya Grand Climate Change Expt Translating Knowledge Into Action C Air Pollution & Health Impacts Energy Technologies SURYA Sustainability Science ImplementationDiffusion Adoption Wireless data collection on massive scale Human-environment Interactions

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