Presented By: Melissa Thomas Written By: Rhonda Wilkins

1. The Chicago Manual Writing Style Workshop as presented in Kate Turabian’s Manual for Writers Sixth EditionPart 1 Presented By: Melissa Thomas Written By: Rhonda Wilkins Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

2. Outline of Part 1 • Tips on using the Turabian Manual (TM) • Overview of the Turabian Manual • How to Prepare the Paper Manuscript • Chicago Editorial Style • Practice Activity Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

3. Tips on How to use the TM Manual • Tab pages you refer to often. • Use the Index. (p. 287) • Refer to Samples. (14.18-14.42) Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

4. Overview of the Turabian • Preface • Ch.1 – The Parts of the Paper • Ch. 2 – Abbreviations and Numbers • Ch. 3 – Spelling and Punctuation • Ch. 4 – Capitalization, Italics, and Quotation Marks Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

5. Overview of the Turabian, cont. • Ch.5 – Quotations • Ch.6 – Tables • Ch.7 – Illustrations • Ch.8 – Notes • Ch.9 – Bibliographies • Ch.10 – Parenthetical References and Reference List ** (MLA Style) Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

6. Overview of the Turabian, cont. • Ch. 11 – Comparing the Two Documentation Systems • Ch. 12 – Public Documents • Ch. 13 – Preparing the Manuscript • Ch. 14 – Formats and Sample Layouts • Selected Bibliography • Index Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

7. General Instructions for Preparing the Paper Manuscript • Paper: 8 ½ x 11 in. (13.35) • Typeface: 12-pt Times Roman/Courier (13.27) • Double Spacing (14.5) • Margins: 1 in. all sides (14.2-3) leave enough space on left margin to account for binding. • Page Numbers: upper right-hand corner (14.6-9) • Paragraphs and Indentation (use tab key) Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

8. General Instructions, cont. • Title Page (1.7, Sample, 14.18) • Name of the university centered near top of title page • Full title of paper • Course department and number • Date • Writer’s name Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

9. Chicago Editorial Style Period (3.55-59)** • Use to end a complete sentence. • Also used in abbreviations, quotations, numbers, and references. • Use two spaces after a period, not one. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

10. Commas (3.65-83) • Use in series of three or more items. • The height, width, or depth • Use to set off nonessential clauses. • Switch A, which was on a panel… • DO NOT USE before an essential clause. • The rifle shot that started the battle also started the war. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

11. Commas, cont. • Use to separate two independent clauses joined by a conjunction. • Cedar shavings covered the floor, and paper was available… • DO NOT USE between parts of a compound predicate. • The results contradicted Smith’s hypothesis and indicated that the effect… Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

12. Semicolon (3.84-88) • Use to separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction. • The participants in the first study were paid; those in the second study were unpaid. • Use to separate elements in a series that already contain commas. • The color order was red, yellow, blue; blue, yellow, red; or yellow, red, blue. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

13. Colon (3.88-90) • Use between a complete introductory clause and a final phrase. (If the clause following the colon is a complete sentence, it begins with a capital letter.) • Roosevelt spoke of four freedoms: the freedom from want, the freedom from fear … • Rule of thumb: If you can use the phrase “such as,” then you can use a colon. • DO NOT USE after an introduction that is not a complete sentence. • The reasons for the Great Depression include the stock market crash, the extended drought… Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

14. Quotation Marks (5.11-17) • Use with direct quotations other than block quotations. • Use to indicate the title of an article or chapter in a book when used in text. • DO NOT USE to cite a, word, phrase, letter or sentence as a linguistic example. (Instead, italicize them.) • He clarified the difference between farther and further. • DO NOT USE to introduce a technical or key term. (Instead, italicize them.) • The term zero-base budgeting appeared… Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

15. Punctuation with quotation marks (5.17) • Periods and commas placed inside quotation marks. • Semicolons and colons go outside. • Question marks and exclamation points placed outside unless part of quotation. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

16. Ellipsis points (3.59, 3.111, 5.18-29, 5.33-34) • Use to indicate any omission of words, phrases or paragraphs in quoted material. • Place a space before the first dot and a space after the last. • Always place within quotation marks. • If ellipsis points precede or follow quotation marks, do not leave a space between first ellipsis dot and quotation marks. • Do NOT use before or after a clearly incomplete sentence. • Do NOT use before a block quotation or after a block quotation ending in a complete sentence. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

17. Parentheses (3.98) • Use to introduce abbreviations. • The World Health Organization (WHO) • Use to set off structurally independent elements. • The patterns were significant (see Map 5). Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

18. Brackets (3.99) • Use to enclose material inserted in a quotation by some person other than the original writer. • “when [his own and others’] conclusions were studied” Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

19. Spelling (3.1-53, 8.58) • Use spell check. • For reference, use Webster’s Third New International Dictionary or Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, tenth edition. • For further reference, use Webster’s New Biographical Dictionary or Webster’s New Geographical Dictionary. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

20. Capitalization (4.1-13) • Capitalize major words in titles and headings within body of paper. • Capitalize the first word after a colon or dash in a title, if a complete sentence. • Capitalize proper nouns and trade names. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

21. Capitalization in quotations (5.26) • If quotation is set off from text by comma, period, or colon, capitalize the first word, even if it is not capitalized in the original text. • The journalist replied, “No one can foresee the future affects.” • If quotation is joined with writer’s introductory words, the first word is not capitalized, even if it was capitalized in original text. • The committee believed that “they had done their job admirably.” Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

22. Capitalization, cont. • DO NOT CAPITALIZE names of laws, theories, models, or hypotheses. • But retain capitalization of personal names. • Brady or gun control law Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

23. Italics (4.14-33) • Use for titles of books, periodicals, and microfilm publications. • Use sparingly for emphasis. • Use to introduce a new, technical, or key term or label (only the first time.) • Use for letters, words, or phrases cited as a linguistic example. • Words such as big and little Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

24. Abbreviations (2.1-28) • Use sparingly. • Do not use etc., explain what you mean. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

25. Lists (1.2, 3.57, 3.89, 8.4) • Lists may be single-spaced within double-spaced text. • Tables, outlines, lists, and letters not immediately relevant to the text should be placed in an appendix and referred to by a footnote. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

26. Numbers • The general rule in Chicago Style: Spell out numbers through one hundred and any whole number followed by hundred, thousand, or million. • The population is close to twenty million. • Spell out any number that begins a sentence or title. • Use numerals for all other numbers. • At least 879 people voted at the precinct. Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success

27. Numbers, cont. • Use numerals to express all numbers expressing scientific or statistical material. • Except when beginning a sentence, never spell out the number preceding percent or %. • Use a zero before decimal point when numbers are less than 1. • 0.23 cm, 0.48 s • DO NOT USE a zero before a decimal fraction when the number cannot be greater than one (e.g. correlations, proportions, and levels of statistical significance.) • r(24) = -.43, p < .05 Tomás Rivera Center for Student Success