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Civil War Day 1 Notes Reason for the Civil War: 1. Slavery:

Civil War Day 1 Notes Reason for the Civil War: 1. Slavery: The South wanted Slavery and the North did not. The North felt it was keeping the country from growing fast. 2 . Tariffs: Tariffs- a tax on imported goods. Tariffs were used to help American manufacturing.

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Civil War Day 1 Notes Reason for the Civil War: 1. Slavery:

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  1. Civil War Day 1 Notes • Reason for the Civil War: • 1. Slavery: • The South wanted Slavery and the North did not. • The North felt it was keeping the country from growing fast. • 2. Tariffs: • Tariffs- a tax on imported goods. • Tariffs were used to help American manufacturing. • The tariffs were not as beneficial for the South as they were for the North because the North was made up of mostly cities and factories, while the South was based on agriculture. • 3. States' Rights: • States' Rights- the idea that states, not the federal government, should make the final decisions about matters that affected them. • Sectionalism- loyalty to one part of the country.

  2. Civil War Day 2 Notes • Underground Railroad- a series of escape routes and hiding places to bring slaves out of the South. • Slaves could head North to Canada or South to Florida, Mexico or the Caribbean • Runaways often walked at night. • If caught, the runaways were punished and returned to slavery. • Conductors- people who guided runaways to the next station. • Stations- safe hiding places for the runaways.

  3. Civil War Day 3 Notes Harriet Beecher Stowe- a writer from New England who was against the Fugitive Slave Law. She decided to write a book about slave cruelty called Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Uncle Tom’s Cabin – This book convinced a lot of Northerners that slavery was wrong, but the South thought Stowe’s thoughts about slavery were wrong. This pushed the North and South further apart.

  4. Civil War Day 4 Notes • Abraham Lincoln was a republican who was trying to keep slavery out of the territories. He was elected the 16th president of the United States. • This election showed how divided the nation was because not a single Southern state voted for Lincoln.

  5. Civil War Day 5 Notes • South Carolina was the first Confederate state to leave the Union on December 20, 1860. • The Confederate States of America elected Jefferson Davis as their president. (The president of the Union was still Abraham Lincoln) • The attack on Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC started the Civil War. • A Civil War is a war between two groups or regions within a nation. • Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was a Confederate colonel who fought during the Battle of Bull Run.

  6. Civil War Day 6 Notes • Abraham Lincoln • Union President • Ulysses S. Grant • Union army commander • Robert E. Lee • Confederate general • Jefferson Davis • Confederacy President

  7. Civil War Day 6 Notes • North • Disadvantages • Very few home front battles (did not know the land) • People rioted over the drafts • Advantages • More people eligible to fight • Better war/fighting strategies • Better Railroad system • More factories to produce weapons/make supplies • South • Disadvantages • began to run out of supplies • Less people • People rioted over the drafts • Very few factories to make supplies/weapons • Fewer Railroads • Advantages • More experienced generals • More home front battles (knew the land)

  8. Civil War Day 7 Notes • Emancipation Proclamation- this declared that slaves in the confederacy were free. • Battle of Vicksburg- General Grant’s army surrounded Vicksburg, Mississippi and fired cannons on the town for 4 weeks until they finally surrendered. This gave the union control of the Mississippi River. • Battle of Gettysburg- General Lee tried to invade the Union army in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, but the Union army began to attack with rifles and cannons until the Confederates retreated. • The Battle of Vicksburg and Battle of Gettysburg which occurred in July 1863 were the turning point in the war because they gave the Union a better chance at winning the war.

  9. Civil War Day 8 Notes • President Lincoln chose general Ulysses S. Grant to try and end the war for good. • General Grant decided to take his army into Virginia to defeat Robert E. Lee’s army in Richmond. • General Grant ordered General William T. Sherman to lead the Union army to attack Atlanta, GA. • Sherman’s March to the Sea- Sherman’s soldiers marched from Atlanta, GA to Savannah, GA and along the way they destroyed anything the southerners could use for war. This strategy is known as total war. • Total war- strategy of destroying an enemy’s resources.

  10. Civil War Day 9 Notes • After a year of fighting just outside of Richmond, Virginia, the Union army was growing stronger. Due to lack of supplies and food, the General Robert E. Lee’s army became extremely weak. Lee decided to meet General Grant in a home in Appomattox Court House, Virginia to surrender. Lee signed a treaty ending the war and agreed to rejoin the Union.

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