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The Kingdom Fungi

The Kingdom Fungi. Some fungi are harmful Cause disease Crop damage (blights) Illegal drugs. The Kingdom Fungi. Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food. Some fungi are helpful

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The Kingdom Fungi

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  1. The Kingdom Fungi

  2. Some fungi are harmful Cause disease Crop damage (blights) Illegal drugs The Kingdom Fungi Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  3. Some fungi are helpful leavening for bread decompose organisms food medicine The Kingdom Fungi Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  4. How Fungi Differ from Plants • * Lack tissues • * Lack chlorophyll • * Chitin instead of cellulose The Kingdom Fungi Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  5. Fungi are • * heterotrophic • - saprophytic • - parasitic The Kingdom Fungi Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  6. The Kingdom Fungi • study of fungi = • mycology Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  7. hyphae: slender filaments body of fungus Septate fungus: cell walls (septa) pores for cytoplasm Nonseptate fungi: no cell walls multinucleate

  8. Fairy Ring

  9. Hyphae Types 1) rhizoids: embedded; supports fungus; digests food

  10. Hyphae Types 2) Aerial hyphae: not embedded; absorb oxygen; produce spores; spread fungus

  11. Hyphae Types 3) stolons: produce new filaments

  12. Hyphae Types 4) haustoria: enter host cells

  13. Hyphae Types 5) mycelia: mass of hyphae

  14. fungi are placed into phyla based on Method of Sexual Reproduction

  15. Phylum Zygomycota Hyphae fuse to form zygote

  16. Phylum Zygomycota Ex: black bread mold Ex: downy mildew

  17. Fungi reproduction

  18. Phylum Ascomycota “Sac fungi” Form ascospores inside a sac called an ascus

  19. Phylum Ascomycota “Sac fungi” Form ascospores inside a sac called an ascus Ex: penicillum Ex: yeast

  20. Phylum Basidiomycota “Club fungi” Form basidiospores inside a club-shaped cell called an basidium

  21. Phylum Basidiomycota “Club fungi” Ex: smut puff ball shelf fungi

  22. Doctor Website on Fungus http://perridermatology.com/blog/category/fungus

  23. Links Mushroom growing link Fungal varieties Mycology Life Smashing a Giant Puffball Killer Fungi The Kingdom Fungi Q1.  Cause disease crop damage (blights) -------------------------------------------- Leven for bread decompose food

  24. lichens: fungus & algae living together Type of symbiosis: living together Mutualism: mutually benefits both. Fungus provides support & protection. Algae or cyanobacteria provide sugars.

  25. lichens Hardy, pioneers Ex: reindeer moss = food source

  26. 3 basic types of lichens • crustose: like flat smears of dried paint • foliose: leaflike • fruticose: shrubby with fruiting bodies

  27. Mycorrhizae: Fungus & plants living together. Fungi provide increased absorption. Plants provide sugars.

  28. Fun Facts about Fungi It is estimated that there are over a MILLION species of FUNGI but only about 10% have been officially described in the scientific literature.

  29. Fun Facts about Fungi Fermentation by the yeast fungus is used in the leavening of bread and other baked products.

  30. Fun Facts about Fungi Fungi truffles are delicacies that cost $1,000 – 2,000 a pound and have a strong earthy taste.

  31. Fun Facts about Fungi As agents of PLANT DISEASE, FUNGI cause annual crop losses in excess of THREE BILLION dollars in North America.

  32. Fun Facts about Fungi EIGHTY-FIVE BILLION tons of carbon is returned annually to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide by decay of cellulose. Most of this is by fungi.

  33. Fun Facts about Fungi Each forest tree has hundreds of thousands of kilometres of mycorrhizal fungi hyphae supplying it with water and inorganic salts.

  34. Fun Facts about Fungi All the citric acid used in soft drinks, candies, artificial lemon juice, baked goods etc. is produced industrially by fungus fermentation.

  35. Fun Facts about Fungi The blue mold, Penicillium, is used in the ripening process to prepare speciality cheeses.

  36. Fun Facts about Fungi Yeast fungus is used in the fermentation processes that result in the production of beers, wines and spirits.

  37. Fun Facts about Fungi The first antibiotic PENICILLIN, and many others, are made by fungi.

  38. Fun Facts about Fungi Bioremediation is the use of fungus and bacteria to remove pollution.

  39. Fun Facts about Fungi The anti-rejection drug CYCLOSPORINE, produced by a fungus, is in large part responsible for the current success in organ transplants.

  40. Q12 Draw & label a mushroom. cap gills basido-carp stipe

  41. Info for Lab Zygomycota zygospore pictures Zygomycota and strawberries

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